588 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



Citrate not utilized. 



Sodium oleate severely inhibits growth. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Urease not produced. 



Blood agar colonies: 0.7 mm in diameter, 

 smooth, glistening, moderately elevated, 

 entire, transparent, slightly white; later 

 (48 hours) becoming enlarged (1.0 mm in 

 diameter) and white with opaque centers. 

 No hemolysis. 



Catalase-negative. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Comment : Svenkerud et al. raise the ques- 

 tion whether this species should be placed 

 in Corynebacterinm, Erysipeloihrix or Lis- 

 teria. However, the further cultural and 

 serological studies that have been made of 

 their cultures show that this species is prop- 

 erly placed in the genus Corynebacterinm. 



Source: Isolated from an erysipelas oc- 

 curring in the transition between the corium 

 and blubber of seals {Phoca groenlandica, 

 P. hispida, Cristophara cristata and Erig- 

 naihus barbatus). 



12. Corynebacterinm pseudodiphthe- 



riticum Lehmann and Neumann, 1896. 

 (Bacillus der pseudodiphtherie, Loeffler, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., 2, 1887, 105; G. von Hof- 

 mann-Wellenhof, Wien. med. Wochenschr., 

 38, 1888, 65; Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. 

 Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 361.) 



pseu.do.diph.the.ri'ti.cum. Gr. adj. 

 pseudes false; M.L. fem.n. diphtheria diph- 

 theria; M.L. adj. diphtheriticns diphtheritic; 

 M.L. adj. pseudodiphtheriticus relating to 

 false diphtheria. 



Common name : Pseudodiphtheria bacillus 

 or Hofmann's bacillus. 



Excellent historical discussions of this 

 and related organisms are given by Bergey 

 (Comparative Studies upon the Pseudo- 

 diphtheria or Hofmann's Bacillus, the 

 Xerosis Bacillus, and the Loeffler Bacillus. 

 Contrib. from Lab. of Hyg., Univ. of Penn., 

 No. 2, 1898, 19-54) and by Andrewes et al. 

 (Diphtheria. London, 1923, 382-388). 



Rods, with rounded ends, 0.3 to 0.5 by 

 0.8 to 1.5 microns, fairly uniform in size, 

 without swollen ends. Not barred but even 

 staining interrupted by transverse, medial 

 unstained septum; granules usually absent. 

 Non-motile. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, grayish to cream- 

 colored, smooth, homogeneous, entire. 



Gelatin stab: Slight surface growth with 

 little growth in stab. No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Opaque, grayish to cream- 

 colored, smooth, homogeneous, entire. 



Agar slant: Moist, smooth, white to 

 cream-colored, entire growth. 



Loeffler's blood serum: Same as on agar. 



Broth: Slightly turbid with slight, grayish 

 sediment. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: Slight, creamy white, smooth, 

 entire growth. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid from carbohydrate media. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Hydrolyzes urea (Merkel, Zent. f. Bakt., 

 I Abt., Orig., 147, 1941, 398). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Not pathogenic. 



Source : From the oral cavity of 26 out of 

 45 control cases. 



Habitat: Normal throats. 



13. Corynebacteriuni equi Magnusson, 

 1923. (Arch. f. wiss. prakt. Tierheilk., 50, 

 1923, 22.) 



e'qui. L. noun equus horse; L. gen. noun 

 equi of the horse. 



Description taken from Dimock and Ed- 

 wards (Kentucky Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 333, 

 1932), Bruner and Edwards (Kentuckj^ Agr. 

 Exp. Sta. Bull. 414, 1941), Merchant (Jour. 

 Bact., SO, 1935, 95) and Brooks and Hucker 

 (Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 309). 



Rods variable according to medium. Coc- 

 coid and ellipsoidal cells to rather long, 

 curved and sometimes clubbed forms. The 

 latter are especially apt to occur in liquid 

 media. Non-motile. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab: Good growth. No liquefac- 

 tion. 



Agar colonies: Usually moist, smooth and 

 glistening, tan to yellow (Brooks and 

 Hucker, ibid., 300) or pink to red chromo- 

 genesis (Merchant, op. cit., 1935, 107). 



Agar slant: Moist heavy growth which 

 may run down the slant (Dimock and Ed- 

 wards, op. cit., 1932, 322). 



Broth: Turbid with no pellicle and little 

 sediment (Dimock and Edwards, loc. cit.). 



