FAMILY XII. CORYNEBACTERIACEAE 



589 



Pellicle, and final pH alkaline (Brooks and 

 Hucker, op. cit., 1944, 309). Branched cells 

 occur in 6- to 8-hour cultures in broth. 



LoefBer's blood serum: Good growth with 

 tan to yellow chromogenesis. No liquefac- 

 tion. 



Coagulated egg yolk: Vigorous salmon- 

 pink growth. Dryer than on agar, resembling 

 wrinkled growth of tubercle bacillus after 

 two weeks. 



Litmus milk: No change to slightly alka- 

 line. 



Potato: Abundant growth, usually tan, 

 yellow or pink. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced on appropriate 

 media. 



No acid from carbohj^drate media. How- 

 ever, glucose stimulates growth. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. No am- 

 monia produced. 



Sodium hippurate: Not hydrolyzed. 



Esculin: Not hydrolj'zed. 



No exotoxin demonstrated in filtrate of 

 broth cultures. 



No or slight hemolysis of horse blood. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 25° and 37° C. Minimum, between 7° 

 and 18° C. Maximum, between 37° and 

 45° C. 



Not pathogenic for laboratory animals. 



Source: Originally isolated from infec- 

 tious pneumonia of foals. 



Habitat: Found in spontaneous pneu- 

 monia of foals and in other infections of 

 horses. Also found in swine, cattle and buf- 

 faloes. 



14. Corynebacteriuni bovis Bergey et 

 al., 1923. {B. psevdodiphtheria, Bergey, The 

 Source and Nature of Bacteria in Milk. 

 Penn. Dept. Agr. Bull. 125, 1904, 11; Bergey 

 et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 388.) 



bo'vis. L. noun bos the ox; L. gen. noun 

 bovis of the ox. 



Slender rods, 0.5 to 0.7 by 2.5 to 3.0 mi- 

 crons, which are barred and clubbed. Non- 

 motile, Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab: Slight, gray, fiat surface 

 growth. 



Agar colonies: Circular, gray, slightly 

 raised, radiate, undulate, dry. 



Agar slant: Thin, gray, filiform, dry 

 growth. 



Broth: Slight, granular sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slowly becomes deeply alka- 

 line. 



Potato: No growth. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid from carbohydrate media. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



No growth on agar containing asparagine 

 as a sole source of nitrogen (Evans, Jour. 

 Inf. Dis., 18, 1916, 461). 



Coagulated blood serum: Thin, gray, fili- 

 form growth. 



Blood serum (10 per cent) and bile (5 per 

 cent) enhance growth, especially the former 

 (Evans, ibid., 459). 



Causes rancidity in cream. Weakl}- lip- 

 olytic on tributyrin agar (Black, Jour. 

 Bact., 4i, 1941, 99). 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Not pathogenic for guinea pigs (Evans, 

 Jour. Inf. Dis., 22, 1918, 579). 



Comments: Miss Alice Evans (personal 

 communication) states that the organism 

 from the udder which she described as Bac- 

 teriimi lipolytimis (sic) {ibid., 576) was prob- 

 ably a Corynebacteriuni. This is also regarded 

 as probable by Steck (Die latente Infektion 

 der Milchdriise, Hannover, 1930) and b}' 

 Hendrixen (Ztschr. f. Infektionskrankh. d. 

 Haustier., 43, 1933, 106). Miss Evans also 

 indicates that it is probable that the organ- 

 ism described by Bergey first in 1904 (op. 

 cit., 1904, 11) and later in the first edition of 

 the Manual as Corynebacieriimi bovis was 

 the same organism; this is further confirmed 

 by Black {op. cit., 1941, 99). In his unpub- 

 lished manuscript, Black reports that he 

 found no essential differences between his 

 cultures isolated from milk (53 cultures) 

 and those described by Bergey except for 

 action on litmus milk. Black reports no 

 action on litmus milk. 



Source: Isolated from fresh milk drawn 

 directly from the cow's udder. 



Habitat: Found rather commonly in 

 freshly drawn milk. 



15. Corynebacteriuni paurometabo- 



lum Steinhaus, 1941. (Jour. Bact., 4I , 1941, 

 763 and 783.) 



pau.ro. me. ta'bo.lum. Gr. adj. pavrus 



