592 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



Pleomorphic rods, 0.4 to 0.7 by 0.7 to 2.8 

 microns, occasional!}^ club-shaped, occur- 

 ring singly and in an angular arrangement 

 due to the snapping division of the cells. 

 Non-motile. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Nutrient-glucose agar colonies: White to 

 cream, circular, smooth, entire, convex, 

 translucent, 1 to 2 mm in diameter. 



Broth: Turbid in 36 to 48 hours; no pelli- 

 cle; light sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slow reduction of litmus, 

 but no other change. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, mannitol 

 and glycerol. No growth in lactose or raffi- 

 nose. 



Starch not hydro^^zed. 



No growth in Koser citrate medium. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Growth in 3 per cent salt. 



Catalase-positive. 



Aerobic to slightly microaerophilic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 24° and 28° C. Minimum, 6° C. Max- 

 imum, between 34° and 36° C. 



Source: Isolated from wet wood of Lom- 

 bardy poplar {Populus nigra var. italica). 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Populus nigra 

 var. italica and on P. tremuloides. 



21. Corynebacterivim inichiganense 



(Erw. Smith, 1910) Jensen, 1934. {Bacterium 

 michiganense (Erw. Smith, Science, 81, 1910, 

 794; Jensen, Proc. Linnean Soc. New So. 

 Wales, 59, 1934, 47.) 



mi.chi.ga.nen'se. M.L. ad'], michiganensis 

 pertaining to Michigan. 



Description taken from Bryan (Jour. Agr. 

 Res., 41, 1930, 825). 



Rods 0.6 to 0.7 by 0.7 to 1.2 microns. Char- 

 acteristic angular growth with branching 

 and club-shaped cells (Jensen, op. cit., 1934, 

 47). Encapsulated. Non-motile. Gram-posi- 

 tive. 



Beef agar colonies: Growth slow, mustard- 

 yellow, smooth, glistening, butyrous. 



Chromogenesis: Develops yellowish 

 brown, light ochre-yellow to sepia-brown 

 colors on suitable media (Jensen, loc. cit.). 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Broth: Turbidity slow and moderate. 



Milk: Slow coagulation. No peptoniza- 

 tion. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid from glucose, sucrose, galactose, 

 fructose, maltose, and slight acid from lac- 

 tose, glycerol and mannitol. 



Starch: Very weak diastatic action. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Utilizes peptone but not ammonia, nitrite, 

 nitrate, tyrosine, asparagine or glutamic 

 acid (Mushin, Austral. Jour. Exp. Biol, and 

 Med., 16, 1938, 326). 



No growth in 3 per cent salt. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 25° and 27° C. Minimum, 1° C. Max- 

 imum, 33° C. 



Comments: A non -pathogenic variety of 

 this species has been reported by Jensen 

 (op. cit., 1934, 48); it grows more rapidly 

 with more moist growth, has a higher max- 

 imum temperature and has a stronger pro- 

 teolytic activity than does the pathogenic 

 strain. 



Source; Isolated from the bacterial canker 

 of tomato. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on tomato. 



22. Corynebacteriuni rathayi (Erw. 

 Smith, 1913) Dowson, 1942. {Aplanobacter 

 rathayi Erw. Smith, Science, 38, 1913, 926; 

 also see Bact. in Rel. to Plant Dis., 3, 1914, 

 155; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc, 25, 

 1942, 313.) 



ra.thay'i. M.L. gen. noun rathayi of Ra- 

 thay; named for E. Rathay, an Austrian 

 plant pathologist who was the first to isolate 

 this species. 



Rods 0.6 to 0.75 by 0.75 to 1.5 microns. 

 Encapsulated. Non-motile. Not acid-fast. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction after 7 weeks. 



Agar colonies: Small, j^ellow, slow-grow- 

 ing. 



Milk: Growth slow. Yellow ring. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline and reduced. 



Potato plugs: Good, yellow, viscid 

 growth. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose and 

 lactose. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Cohn's solution: No growth. 



Heavy inoculum necessary in media. 



