FAMILY XII. CORYNEBACTERIACEAE 



601 



to 2.0 microns, with rounded ends. Oc- 

 casionally coccobacillary. Granulations de- 

 monstrable with methylene blue stain. An- 

 gular and pallisade arrangements of cell 

 masses are typical. Non-motile. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. 



Milk agar: Surface colonies are smooth, 

 convex, entire, pearl-gray and finely amor- 

 phous; 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter after 3 

 days at 32° C. 



Agar slant: Pearl-gray to pale greenish 

 yellow pigment. Grows as a thin butyrous 

 film, occasionally firmly adherent. 



Litmus milk weakly acid; occasionally 

 acid coagulation. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 mannose, galactose, maltose and lactose. 

 No acid from melibiose, glycerol or dulcitol. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Non-lipolytic. 



Ammonia not produced from peptone or 

 arginine. 



Catalase-positive. 



Survives 72° C. for 30 minutes in skim 

 milk. 



Comment: Doetsch and Rakosky (Proc. 

 50th Gen. Meeting Soc. Amer. Bact., Balti- 

 more, 1950, 38) report a gelatin-liquefying 

 variety of this species. 



Source: Isolated from pasteurized milk. 



non-fat dry milk solids, cheese and dairy 

 utensils. 



2. Microbacterium flavuin Orla-Jensen, 

 1919. (The Lactic Acid Bacteria, 1919, 181.) 



fla'vum. L. adj. flavus yellow. 



Rods, 0.7 to 0.9 by 1.0 to 3.0 microns, with 

 rounded ends. Non-motile. Granulations 

 demonstrable with methylene blue stain. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. 



Milk agar: Surface colonies are smooth, 

 convex, entire, cream to canary -yellow; 2 to 

 3 mm in diameter after 3 days at 32° C. 



Agar-slant: Cream to canary-yellow pig- 

 ment. Growth moderate to heavy, butyrous 

 but occasionally adherent. 



Litmus milk: No change or slight reduc- 

 tion. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose or 

 mannose. No acid from maltose, lactose or 

 dextrin. 



Starch not hydroh'zed. 



Non-lipolytic. 



Ammonia not produced from peptone or 

 arginine. 



Catalase-positive. 



Survives 72° C. for 15 minutes in skim 

 milk. 



Source: Isolated from cheese and butter. 

 Under conditions used by several workers 

 in recent extensive investigations, occur- 

 rence reported as rare. 



Genus V. Cellulomonas Bergey et al., 1923, emend. Clark, 1952.* 



(Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 154; Clark, Internat. Bull. Bact. Nomen. and 

 Taxon., 2, 1952, 50.) 



Cel.lu.lo.mo'nas. M.L. noun cellulosa cellulose; Gr. noun inonas a unit, monad; INI. L. 

 fem.n. Cellulomonas cellulose monad. 



Small, pleomorphic rods, straight to angular or slightly curved with occasional beaded, 

 clubbed, branched or coccoid cells, the number of such cells depending on the age and con- 

 dition of the subculture. Motile bj' means of one or a few peritrichous flagella; some species 

 are non-motile. If only a single flagellum is present, it is usually polar. Gram-variable. 

 Growth on ordinary culture media often not vigorous; otherwise, growth on solid media 

 usually soft and smooth and, in broth, turbid. Yellow, non-water-soluble pigmentation 

 common; other pigments also occur. Gelatin slowly hydrolyzed. Catalase-positive. Acid 

 but no gas from carbohydrates; cellulose commonly attacked. Typically of soil or plant 

 origin. 



The type species is Cellulomonas biazotea (Kellerman et al.) Bergey et al. 



* Completely revised by Dr. Francis E. Clark, Agricultural Research Service, Soil Re- 

 search Branch, U. S. Dept. Agr., Beltsville, Maryland, January, 1954, 



