FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



649 



dull luster, a contoured surface, a butyrous 

 consistency and an odor of butyl alcohol. 



Milk: Acid and gas; slight coagulation, 

 no peptonization. 



Litmus milk: Acid, gas, coagulation, re- 

 duction in bottom of tube; no digestion. 



Potato slant: No visible growth, but a 

 butyl alcohol odor, as well as gas, is present 

 in the substended liquid. 



Broth: No growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid and gas from glucose, sucrose, lac- 

 tose, maltose, inulin, starch, salicin, dex- 

 trin, mannitol and galactose. Glycerol is 

 not fermented. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Optimum temperature, between 28° and 

 33° C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source: Isolated from an ear of sugar 

 maize. 



Habitat: Probably soil. 



15. Clostridium ainylolyticuin Prevot 

 and Saissac, 1950. (Ann. Inst. Past., 79, 

 1950, 331.) 



a.my.lo.ly'ti.cum. Gr. noun amylum fine 

 meal, starch; Gr. adj. lyticus loosening, dis- 

 solving; M.L. adj. amylolyticus starch-dis- 

 solving. 



Straight rods, 0.8 to 1.0 by 4.0 to 5.0 mi- 

 crons. Spores ovoid and subterminal, swell- 

 ing the cells. Motile. Strongly Gram-posi- 

 tive. 



Non-fetid gas and a pronounced butyric 

 odor are produced in culture media. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Bean or potato agar deep colonies: Small, 

 woolly, irregular, white, opaque. Gas is 

 produced. 



Milk: Acid coagulation without retraction 

 or digestion of clot. 



VF glucose (or without glucose) broth: 

 No growth. 



Peptone solution (2 per cent) : No growth 

 in autoclaved medium; in filtered broth, 

 growth abundant. 



•Potato mash: Growth rapid, abundant, 

 very gaseous, acidified (pH 4.5 after 4 days 

 of incubation). Very pronounced butyric 

 odor. Mash disintegrated, liquefied, ropy. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Spontaneously, only starch and lactose 

 are fermented; pectin not fermented. The 

 following carbohydrates are fermented 

 (tested in filtered peptone solution) : glu- 

 cose, fructose, galactose, maltose, sucrose 

 and mannitol. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates in the 

 presence of starch. 



Sulfites reduced slowly only in the pres- 

 ence of starch. 



Coagulated proteins not attacked. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, between 33° and 

 37° C. 



Hemolysin not produced. 



Toxin not produced. 



Not pathogenic for guinea pigs or mice. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Presumably soil. 



16. Clostridium nigrificans Werkman 

 and Weaver, 1927. (Werkman and Weaver, 

 Iowa State Coll. Jour. Sci., 2, 1927-28, 63; 

 also see Werkman, Iowa State Coll. Re- 

 search Bull. 117, 1929, 165.) 



nig. ri'fi. cans. L. part. adj. nigrificans 

 blackening. 



Rods, 0.3 to 0.5 by 3.0 to 6.0 microns, with 

 rounded ends. Spores ovoid and subtermi- 

 nal, slightly swelling the cells. Motile. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Agar deep colonies : Blackening of medium 

 around colonies. Black increased by adding 

 0.1 per cent ferric chloride to medium. 



Milk: Action not recorded. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced from cystine. 



Glucose and other carbohydrates not fer- 

 mented. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Coagulated albumin: No liquefaction. 



Blood serum: No liquefaction. 



Brain medium: Blackening but no diges- 

 tion. 



Anaerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 55° C. 

 Thermophilic, growing between 65° and 

 70° C. 



Not pathogenic for man, guinea pig, 

 mouse, rat or rabbit. 



Distinctive character: Black colonies in 



