FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



661 



butyl radical; M.L. adj. saccharoacetoperbu- 

 tylicus (probably intended to mean) the 

 organism which ferments sugar with the 

 production of acetic acid and an abundance 

 of butjd alcohol. 



Short and long rods, 0.7 to 3.8 by 2.3 to 

 12.8 microns, the majority measuring 1.6 

 by 5.3 microns, with rounded ends, occur- 

 ring singly, in pairs or in chains. Sporangia 

 are spindle-shaped, clavate. Spores cylindri- 

 cal with rounded ends or ovoid, the majority 

 measuring 1.1 by 2.6 microns, subterminal 

 to terminal. Motile by means of peritrichous 

 flagella. Granulose-positive when stained 

 with iodine. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar surface colonies : Circular to irregu- 

 lar, both rough and smooth, entire and 

 lobar-lobulate edges, convex, translucent 

 to opaque. 



Agar slant: Growth abundant, scattered 

 to spreading, glistening, non-pigmented to 

 a light cream color; butylic odor; viscid 

 consistency. 



Broth: No growth. 



Litmus milk: Acid reaction with an acid 

 curd in 15 days. Slight peptonization. 



Potato slant: Growth spreading, glisten- 

 ing, abundant, non-pigmented to light 

 cream color; butylic odor; viscid consis- 

 tency. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced in trace 

 amounts, if at all. 



Acid and gas from arabinose, xylose, glu- 

 cose, fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, 

 sucrose, maltose, raffinose, maize starch, 

 soluble starch, inulin, glycogen, salicin, 

 alpha-methyl -glucoside, melibiose and dex- 

 trin. Trehalose, inositol, rhamnose, melezi- 

 tose, glycerol, erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, 

 dulcitol and esculin not attacked. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Optimum temperature, between 29° and 

 31° C. 



Optimum pH, between 5.5 and 6.3. 



Anaerobic. 



Source: Isolated from maize husk. 



Habitat: Probably soil. 



31. Clostridium hastifornie MacLen- 



nan, 1939. (A4, Cunningham, Zent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., 82, 1930-31, 487; B4a, Cunningham, 



ibid., 83, 1931, 11; MacLennan, Jour. Path, 

 and Bact., 49, 1939, 543.) 



has.ti.for'me. L. noun hasta a spear; L. 

 noun forma shape, form; M.L. adj. hasti- 

 formis spear-shaped. 



Slender rods, 0.3 to 0.6 by 2.0 to 6.0 mi- 

 crons, with rounded ends, occurring singly, 

 in pairs and rarely in short chains. Fila- 

 ments not observed. Spores ellipsoidal, sub- 

 terminal, swelling the cells. Polar-cap of 

 protoplasm remains long attached to free 

 spores. Motile by means of delicate, pe- 

 ritrichous flagella; motility persists even 

 after sporulation. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Rapid liquefaction. Blackening 

 not recorded. 



Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Minute, translucent dots, becoming irregu- 

 larly round, granular, grayish white, with 

 opaque center and delicate, translucent 

 border. 



Plain agar deep colonies: Small, irregu- 

 larly round with coarsely filamentous bor- 

 der. A little gas is occasionally produced. 



Broth: Transient, uniform turbidity, 

 quickly settling as a heavy, white, flocculent 

 deposit. Culture assumes a cheesy odor. 



Milk: Abundant growth with lab-coagu- 

 lation in 2 to 3 days. No increase in acidity, 

 becoming slightly alkaline. Clot completely 

 digested in 10 to 14 days, leaving a white, 

 semi-translucent fluid of cheesy odor. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Glucose and other carbohj^drates not fer- 

 mented. 



Ammonia not produced. 



Egg medium: No digestion or other visible 

 change. 



Coagulated albumin: No digestion or 

 blackening. 



Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Same as on plain agar, but larger and more 

 opaque. Old colonies show grayish pigmen- 

 tation. No hemolysis. 



Blood serum: No digestion or blackening. 



Meat medium: No digestion or blacken- 

 ing, even in the presence of metallic iron. 

 Meat particles slightly reddened. 



Brain medium: No digestion or blacken- 

 ing. 



Anaerobic. 



Grows well between 22° and 37° C. 



