FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



663 



ka.ne'bo.i. Etymology Japanese, mean- 

 ing unknown. 



Straight rods, 0.3 to 0.8 by 2.0 to 7.0 mi- 

 crons, with rounded ends, occurring singly 

 or in chains of two to four cells. Sporangia 

 spindle-shaped, 1.2 to 1.5 bj' 5.0 to 7.0 mi- 

 crons. Spores ovoid, 1.1 to 1.5 by 1.9 to 2.4 

 microns, central to subterminal. Motile. 

 Gram-positive. 



Sugar agar surface colonies: Circular, 2 to 

 5 mm in diameter, raised, moist, smooth 

 edges, pale yellow-white, odor of solvents. 

 Subsurface colonies: Spherical, smooth, 

 gummy, splitting the agar. 



Cane sugar broth: Good growth; turbid; 

 slight acidity; rich sporulation; abundant 

 slime; liquid is j-ellow-white, milky, semi- 

 translucent with a fragrant odor. 



Maize, cut yam, soybean mash: Good 

 growth; turbid, with slime. 



Litmus milk : Good growth ; gas ; acid coag- 

 ulation. 



Potato slants (anaerobic, 5-day incuba- 

 tion at 37° C): Colonies yellow-brown, 2 

 mm in diameter, moist, irregular. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide is produced. 



Xylose, 1-arabinose, glucose, fructose, 

 mannose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, lac- 

 tose, alpha-methj'l-d-glucoside, starch, dex- 

 trin, inulin, glycogen, mannitol and salicin 

 are fermented. Trehalose and pectin weakly 

 fermented. Rhamnose, rafiinose, glycerol, 

 dulcitol, calcium lactate, melibiose and 

 sorbitol not attacked. 



Products of carbohydrate fermentation 

 are acetone, butanol and ethanol. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C; no growth 

 at 45° C. 



Optimum pH, between 5.6 and 6.7; growth 

 range, pH 4.2 to 9.1. 



Source: Isolated from soil and from sugar 

 cane plant. 



Habitat: Probably soil. 



35. Clostridium propionicum Cardon 

 and Barker, 1946. (Jour. Bact., 52, 1946, 

 631.) 



pro.pi.o'ni.cum. M.L. noun acidum pro- 



pionicum propionic acid; M.L. adj. propion- 

 icus pertaining to propionic acid. 



Spindle-shaped rods, 0.8 by 3.0 microns, 

 occurring singly or more commonly in pairs. 

 Spores ovoid, terminal or subterminal, 

 slightly swelling the cells; separate from 

 sporangium soon after being formed. Spores 

 do not form readily. Motile by means of 

 peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. 



Complex nitrogenous or carbohydrate- 

 containing medium without added alanine: 

 No growth. 



Alanine peptone yeast extract agar deep 

 colonies: Lens-shaped with smooth edges. 



Liquid medium: Uniformly turbid with 

 gradual clearing in three to four days. 



Glucose not attacked. 



Alanine and other fermentations yield 

 propionic acid. 



Catalase-negative. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, between 28° and 

 37° C. 



Optimum pH, between 7.0 and 7.4. Growth 

 range, pH 5.8 to 8.6. 



Source: Isolated from black mud from 

 San Francisco Bay. 



Habitat: Presumably mud. 



36. Clostridium setiense (Prevot and 

 Raynaud, 1944) McClung and McCoj-, comb. 

 nov. {Inflabilis setiensis Prdvot and Ray- 

 naud, Ann. Inst. Past., 70, 1944, 51.) 



se.ti.en'se. M.L. adj. setiensis (probably 

 intended to mean) pertaining to Setia, Italy. 



Rods, 0.7 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns. Spores 

 subterminal, clostridial. Non-motile. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Agar deep colonies: Lenticular; gas. 



Glucose broth: Turbid; non-fetid gas. 



Peptone broth: Poor growth. 



Milk: Not coagulated. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, 

 maltose, sucrose, .xylose, arabinose and 

 glycerol fermented. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Coagulated proteins: Not attacked. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum pH, between 7.3 and 8.8. 



