668 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



Motile. Gram-positive, quickly becoming 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Small, circular, entire, whitish translucent, 

 becoming yellowish opaque with age. 



Glucose agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Two forms are produced: a) circular, entire, 

 opaque; b) diffuse, spreading, irregular and 

 translucent. 



Plain broth: Moderately turbid; clears by 

 sedimentation in 3 to 4 days. 



Glucose broth: Abundantly turbid; slight 

 gas production. 



Milk: Slowly acidified but not clotted. No 

 further change. 



Acid and gas from glucose, maltose, lac- 

 tose and mannitol. Sucrose not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin: No digestion or 

 blackening. 



Blood serum: No digestion or blackening. 



Meat medium: No digestion or blacken- 

 ing. 



Brain medium: No digestion or blacken- 

 ing. 



Anaerobic. 



Grows well at 37° C. 



Not pathogenic (Prevot, loc. cit.). 



Source: Isolated from septic and gan- 

 grenous war wounds. 



Habitat: Not determined. 



45. Clostridium inicrosporum Spray, 

 1947. (Jour. Bact., 5^, 1947, 15; also see ihid., 

 55, 1948, 840.) 



mic.ro'spo.rum. Gr. adj. micrus small; 

 Gr. noun sporus seed; M.L. noun spora a 

 spore; M.L. adj. microsporus small-spored. 



Rods, 0.8 by 2.0 to 4.0 microns, occurring 

 singly and in pairs but not in long chains, 

 occasionally long, pleomorphic filaments, 

 distinctly vacuolate, especially in old cul- 

 tures. Organisms navicular and sharply 

 pointed at both ends. Spores tiny, spherical, 

 central to slightly eccentric, slightly swell- 

 ing the cells. Actively motile, particularly 

 by means of a spinning movement with 

 little progressive motion. Presence, number 

 and position of flagella not detected. 



Gelatin (or iron-gelatin) : No liquefaction 

 or blackening. 



Agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Tiny, 

 almost imperceptible, transparent dew-drop 



colonies, very slightly raised, with entire 

 edges; visible only after some 48 hours' incu- 

 bation. 



Agar deep colonies: Tiny, 0.5 to 1.0 mm; 

 lenticular with smooth, entire edges; whit- 

 ish translucent (smaller and less opaque 

 than those of Clostridium tertium Bergey et 

 al.). Growth perceptible only after some 

 72 hours' incubation. 



Milk (with iron strip) : Fine and constant 

 evolution of gas bubbles for many days, but 

 no coagulation after 22 days' incubation. 

 Medium slowly graj^ed but not blackened. 



Indole not produced. 



Lead acetate agar or peptone iron agar: 

 No blackening. 



Acid and gas from glucose, maltose and 

 galactose. Lactose, trehalose, rhamnose, 

 raffinose, dulcitol and inositol are not at- 

 tacked. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Coagulated albumin: No liquefaction. 



Blood agar: No hemolysis. 



Blood serum: No liquefaction. 



Brain medium (Hibler) : No blackening 

 or digestion, even in the presence of an iron 

 strip. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature not determined. 

 Growth better at 37° C. than at room tem- 

 perature. 



Not pathogenic for white mice, guinea 

 pigs or rabbits. 



Distinctive characters: Minute size and 

 navicular pointed form of the cells, and the 

 tiny, spherical, central to eccentric spores. 



Source: Isolated only once from the ab- 

 dominal contents of a fatal case of peritoni- 

 tis. 



Habitat: From human sources, so far as 

 known. 



46. Clostridium filiforme Bergey et al., 

 1923. {Bacillus regularis filiformis Debono, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 62, 1912, 234; 

 Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 331.) 



fi.li.for'me. L. adj. filiformis thread-like. 



Slender rods, 0.5 to 0.8 by 3.0 to 5.0 mi- 

 crons, occurring singly, in pairs, in chains 

 and in filaments. Spores very small, spher- 

 ical, subterminal or occasionally terminal, 

 not swelling the cells. Non-motile. Gram- 

 positive. 



