FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



677 



Small, transparent; villous to fimbriate 

 margin. 



Broth: Slightly turbid. Gas is produced. 

 Some strains clear quickly by sedimenta- 

 tion. 



Litmus milk: Slow precipitation of casein 

 or soft clotting. Clot slowly softened but 

 not definitely digested. Little gas is pro- 

 duced. 



Indole not produced (Reed, Jour. Bact., 

 U, 1942, 425). 



Glucose and other carbohydrates not 

 fermented. 



Nitrates rapidly reduced; nitrites absent 

 (Reed, loc. cit.). 



Coagulated albumin: Slow liquefaction. 



Blood agar: Hemolysis. 



Blood serum: Slowly softened; feeble di- 

 gestion. 



Brain medium: Blackening and slow di- 

 gestion. Not activel}^ proteolytic. 



Strictly anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



A potent exotoxin is produced for which 

 an antitoxin is prepared. Toxin intensely 

 toxic on injection but not on feeding. 



Pathogenic and toxic. 



Source: Originallj^ isolated from animals 

 inoculated with garden-soil extract. Iso- 

 lated from wounds in human tetanus. 



Habitat: Common in soils and in human 

 and horse intestines and feces. 



64. Clostridium lentoputrescens Hart- 

 sell and Rettger, 1934. (Jour. Bact., 27, 

 1934, 39 and 497.) 



len.to.pu.tres'cens. L. adj. lentus slow; 

 L. part. adj. putrescens decaying; M.L. 

 adj. lentoputrescens slow-rotting. 



Rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 7.0 to 9.0 microns, with 

 rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs and 

 in chains. Spores spherical, ternainal, swell- 

 ing the cells. Motile by means of peri- 

 trichous flagella. Weakly Gram-positive, 

 becoming Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Small, 

 circular, flat; edge crenated to filamentous 

 spreading. Develop a ground-glass appear- 

 ance. 



Agar deep colonies: Fluffy spheres with 

 fibrils radiating from central nuclei. 



Egg yolk agar surface colonies : Irregular, 

 somewhat dry, slightly roughened, colorless, 

 no precipitate or luster. 



Litmus milk: Slow, soft coagulation or 

 flocculent precipitation. Casein is slowly 

 digested. 



Indole is produced (Hall, Jour. Inf. Dis., 

 30, 1922, 141). Indole not produced (Hartsell 

 and Rettger, op. cit., 1934, 509). 



Hydrogen sulfide produced in egg-meat 

 medium. 



Carbohydrates not fermented. Glucose 

 slightly attacked without distinct acid pro- 

 duction (Hartsell and Rettger, ibid., 508) 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Coagulated albumin: Slow liquefaction 

 and blackening. 



Blood agar: Hemolysis. 



Blood serum: Liquefaction. Gas is pro- 

 duced. 



Brain medium: Slow blackening and di- 

 gestion. 



Egg-meat medium: Slightly turbid liquid. 

 Meat reddened in 7 to 10 days, then digested 

 with a foul odor. 



Anaerobic. 



Grows well at 37° C. 



Filtrate is non-toxic on injection or feed- 

 ing. 



Not pathogenic for white mice, guinea 

 pigs or rabbits. 



Source: Isolated from putrefying meat. 



Habitat: Found in the intestinal canals 

 of humans. Widely dispersed in soil. 



65. Clostridium tetanomorphum (Bul- 

 loch et al., 1919) Bergey et al., 1923. (Bacil- 

 lus pseudo-tetanus, Type No. IX, — Tetanus- 

 like Bacillus (Pseudotetanus Bacillus), 

 Mcintosh and Fildes, Med. Res. Counc, 

 Spec. Rept. Ser. No. 12, 1917, 11 and 32; 

 Bacillus tetanomorphus Bulloch, Bullock, 

 Douglas, Henry, Mcintosh, O'Brien, Rob- 

 ertson and Wolf, Med. Res. Counc, Spec. 

 Rept. Ser. No. 39, 1919, 41; Bergey et al.. 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 330.) 



te.ta.no.mor'phum. Gr. noun tetanus 

 tetanus; Gr. noun morplie shape; M.L. adj. 

 tetanomorphus (presumably intended to 

 mean) {Clostridium) ^eianf -shaped. 



Slender rods, with rounded ends, occur- 

 ring singly and in pairs, not in chains. 

 Spores spherical, or nearly so, terminal. 



