FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



679 



tween 55° and 60° C. Minimum, about 45° C. 

 Maximum, about 65° C. 



Distinctive characters: No gas produced 

 in carbohydrate fermentation; acetic acid is 

 the principal fermentation product. 



Source: Isolated from horse manure. 



Habitat: Found in fecal matter. 



68. Clostridium belfantii (Carbone and 

 Venturelli, 1925) Spray, 1939. (Bacillus 

 belfantii Carbone and Venturelli, Boll. 1st. 

 Sieroter., Milan, 4, 1925, 59; Spray, in Man- 

 ual, 5th ed., 1939, 759.) 



bel.fan'ti.i. M.L. gen. noun belfantii of 

 Belfant; named for Belfant, an Italian 

 bacteriologist. 



Thick, straight rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.5 to 

 7.0 microns, occurring singly, in pairs and 

 in short chains. Spores large, ovoid, central 

 to subterminal, swelling the cells. Motile. 

 Granulose-negative. Usually Gram-nega- 

 tive, occasional cells are Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Large, round, opaque, with filamentous 

 edge. 



Agar deep colonies: Arborescent along 

 the stab. Gas is produced. 



Plain broth: Diffuse turbidity, clearing 

 by precipitation. No pigmentation. Gas is 

 produced. 



Potato mash: Forms a foam which be- 

 comes violet in 24 to 48 hours and which 

 persists 3 to 6 days, disappearing on ex- 

 posure to air. 



Potato slant: Grayish pellicle, becoming 

 violet in 24 to 48 hours. Gas of alcoholic 

 odor is produced. No acetone. 



Glycerinated potato: Thin, grayish pel- 

 licle, not becoming violet. 



Milk: Coagulated in 24 to 48 hours. Clot 

 broken by gas. 



Milk agar: Abundant growth. Gas of bu- 

 tyric odor is liberated. 



Indole is produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 maltose, sucrose, lactose and mannitol. 

 Starch and inulin weakly fermented. 



Coagulated albumin: No liquefaction. 



Blood serum: No liquefaction. 



Anaerobic. 



Grows well at 37° C. 



Specifically agglutinated only by homolo- 

 gous antiserum. 



Source: Isolated from retting beds and 

 from air. 



Habitat: Not determined. 



69. Clostridium venturellii (de Tomasi, 



1925) Spray, 1939. (Bacillus venturelli (sic) 



de Tomasi, Boll. 1st. Sieroter. Milan., 4, 



1925, 203; Spray, in Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 



769.) 



ven.tu.rel'li.i. M.L. gen. noun venturellii 



of Venturelli; named for Venturelli, an 



Italian bacteriologist. 



Pleomorphic, fusiform to straight or 

 slightly curved rods, 0.5 to 0.8 by 2.5 to 8.0 

 and up to 20.0 microns, the size varying with 

 the medium, with rounded ends, occurring 

 singly, in pairs, in chains or frequently in 

 parallel groupings. Spores ovoid, central to 

 eccentric, swelling the cells. Encapsulated. 

 Motile. Granulose-positive, showing violet 

 granules with iodine. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: No growth. No liquefaction. 



Glucose agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Round, becoming rose-colored. 



Plain agar slant (anaerobic) : No growth. 



Maltose agar stab: Colonies lenticular, 

 yellowish, turning rose. Odor of acetone. 



Plain broth: No growth. 



Milk with CaCOs : Coagulated, becoming 

 3'ellow, then pale rose. Amylic odor. 



Potato slant (anaerobic) : Becomes mu- 

 cilaginous. Bubbles of gas of amylic odor. 



Potato mash: Very abundant growth; 

 rose-colored with red spots. 



Acid and gas from glucose, maltose, su- 

 crose, fructose, lactose, inositol, dextrin and 

 starch. Arabinose, glycerol, mannitol and 

 inulin not fermented (Weinberg et al., Les 

 Microb. Ana6rob., 1937, 800). 



Fermentation products include especially 

 acetone and amyl alcohol with smaller 

 amounts of propyl, butyl and iso-butyl alco- 

 hols and acetic acid. 



Coagulated albumin: No digestion. 



Blood serum: No liquefaction; produces a 

 small amount of yellowish liquid. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, between 18° and 

 20° C. Inhibition of growth and pigmenta- 

 tion above 25° C. 



Distinctive character: Produces a rose- 



