FAMILY XIII. BACILLACEAE 



681 



Iridium felsineuni Bergey et al. in that it 

 oxidizes pigment to purplish brown. 



Source: Isolated from German maize. 



Habitat: Probably occurs in soil. 



72. Clostridium chroniogenes Prevot, 

 1938. (Chromogenic anaerobe, Ghon and 

 Mucha, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 4^, 

 1906, 406; Bacillus anaerobius chromogenes 

 LeBlaye and Guggenheim, Man. Prat. d. 

 Diag. Bact., 1914, 321; Prevot, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 61, 1938, 85.) 



chro.mo'ge.nes. Gr. noun chroma color; 

 Gr. V. gennaio to produce; M.L. adj. chromo- 

 genes color-producing. 



Straight to slightly curved, coccoid to 

 elongated rods, moderately sized, with 

 rounded to slightly pointed ends, occurring 

 singly, in pairs, in short chains and in long, 

 curved to coiled filaments. Spores abun- 

 dant, ovoid, central, subterminal, appar- 

 ently terminal at maturation, swelling the 

 cells to clubs and Clostridia. Encapsulated, 

 especially in serum media. Motile by means 

 of many peritrichous flagella. Granulose- 

 negative with iodine solution. Gram-posi- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction in 48 hours. Diffuse 

 turbidity; clearing with abundant, whitish 

 gray sediment which later becomes red to 

 violet-red. Upper (1 cm) layer shows diffuse, 

 red pigment. 



Plain agar (without peptone) : Deep 

 growth is sparse. Pigment not produced in 

 absence of peptone. 



Glucose agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Same as for blood agar. Growth slightly less 

 profuse. 



Glucose agar deep colonies: Grayish 

 white, multi-lobate; dense centers and den- 

 dritic, tufted edges. Growth begins about 

 1 cm below surface. Gas abundantly pro- 

 duced. Diffuse, red pigment appears in 

 superficial layers after 4 to 5 days. 



Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Grayish, moist, shining, flat; edges lobate 

 with finely dendritic-tufted edges. Hemoly- 

 sis. 



Glucose meat-infusion broth: Abundant, 

 diffuse turbidity with much gas. Gradual, 

 profuse sedimentation, but with prolonged 

 turbidity. 



Peptone water: Growth variable; some- 



times fails. At best, moderate turbidity and 

 sediment. No gas. 



Synthetic fluid media (Uschinskj% etc.): 

 No growth (unless peptone is added). Growth 

 is proportionate to added peptone. 



Milk: Spongy coagulation after 3 to 4 

 days. Abundant gas. Turbid, yellowish whey 

 is expressed. Casein clot gradually digested 

 in 4 to 5 weeks. Fecal odor. 



Potato slant (anaerobic) : Growth deli- 

 cate, shining, grayish yellow. Fecal odor. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide abundantly produced. 



Acid and gas from sucrose, lactose, fruc- 

 tose, maltose, galactose and mannitol (Pre- 

 vot, Man. d. Class, et d. Determ. d. Bact. 

 Ana6r. 1948, 191). 



Coagulated albumin, hydrocoele and as- 

 citic-fluids: Digestion and blackening, with 

 moderate gas production with fecal odor. 

 When covered with agar, the agar plug 

 shows diffuse, red pigmentation. 



Anaerobic. 



Grows well at 21° and at 37° C. 



Weakly pathogenic for white mice and 

 guinea pigs. Produces hemorrhagic serous 

 peritonitis after intraperitoneal inocula- 

 tion. Death due apparently to a weak toxin. 

 Virulence increased by animal passage. 



Distinctive character: Produces a red 

 pigmentation which is increased on addi- 

 tion of chlorine- or of bromine-water. Al- 

 though produced by an anaerobe, the pig- 

 ment appears only in the aerated zone and 

 depends on the peptone content of the me- 

 dium. 



Source : Isolated from the pus of a human 

 perinephritic abscess. 



Habitat: Not determined. 



73. Clostridium corallinum Prevot 

 and Raynaud, 1944. (Ann. Inst. Past., 70, 

 1944, 184.) 



co.ral.li'num. L. adj. corallinus coral-red. 



Long rods, 0.8 by 3.0 to 4.0 microns, with 

 rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs or 

 in short chains. Subterminal spores, 1.0 by 

 1.5 to 2.0 microns, swelling the cells. Motile 

 by means of peritrichous flagella. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction in 48 hours. 



Glucose agar deep colonies: Woolly or 



