FAMILY II. ACTINOMYCETACEAE 



723 



Source: Original isolate, BG 19, came from 

 a bud-proliferating gall on a blueberry 

 plant. 



Habitat: Found on blueberry plants so 

 far as known. 



10. Nocardia piilnionalis (Burnett, 

 1910) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. {Actino- 

 myces pulmonalis Burnett, Ann. Rept. N.Y 

 State Vet. Coll., 1909-1910, 167; Waksman 

 and Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 901.) 



pul.mo.na'lis. L. noun pulmo the lung; 

 L. gen. noun pulmonis of the lung; M.L. adj. 

 pulmonalis pertaining to the lung. 



Gram-positive mycelium breaking up 

 readily into oval-shaped conidia. Acid-fast, 

 especially in early stages of growth. 



Gelatin: Small, whitish, spherical col- 

 onies, edges of colony becoming chalky 

 white. Limited liquefaction. 



Agar: Moist, raised growth in the form of 

 small, spherical colonies. 



Glucose agar: Dull, whitish, convoluted 

 growth. 



Broth: Delicate, translucent film on sur- 

 face, becoming corrugated with some whit- 

 ish, spherical colonies in medium. 



Milk: Colonies on the surface of the me- 

 dium; milk is coagulated in a few days, later 

 digested. 



Potato: Luxuriant growth in the form of 

 small, translucent, round colonies which 

 become lemon-yellow; later, growth be- 

 comes convoluted or folded with chalky 

 white aerial mycelium, color of plug brown- 

 ish. 



Non-pathogenic for rabbits or guinea 

 pigs. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Isolated from the lungs of a cow. 



Habitat: Found in bovine infections so far 

 as known. 



11. Nocardia paraffinae (Jensen, 1931) 

 Waksman and Henrici, 1948. {Proactino- 

 myces paraffinae Jensen, Proc. Linn. Soc. 

 New So. Wales, 66, 1931, 362; Waksman and 

 Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 901; also 

 see Erikson, Jour. Gen. Microbiol., S, 1949, 

 366.) 



pa. raf.fi 'nae. M.L. noun paraffina paraf- 

 fin; M.L. gen. noun paraffinae of paraffin. 

 In agar media the organism initially forms 



an extensive mycelium of long, richly- 

 branching hyphae, 0.4 to 0.5 micron in 

 diameter. After 5 to 6 days at room tempera- 

 ture, numerous end-branches swell to about 

 double thickness, become more refractive, 

 exhibit fine incisions along their external 

 contours and divide into ovoid, spore-like 

 elements, 0.8 to 1.0 by 1.2 to 1.5 microns. 

 This process of division starts at the tips 

 of the swollen branches and proceeds basi- 

 petally until most of the hyphae appear di- 

 vided. Primary septa have not been seen in 

 the hyphae. A similar process of division 

 takes place in liquid media, where also the 

 filaments often fall into fragments of vari- 

 able length. The spore-like elements, but 

 not the undivided filaments, are markedly 

 acid-fast. Acid-fastness is observed in cer- 

 tain stages, notably in the early stages of 

 growth and in the coccus forms (Erikson, 

 loc. cit.). The aerial mycelium consists of 

 rather short, straight, not very much 

 branched hyphae, 0.4 to 0.6 micron in di- 

 ameter, which never show any differentia- 

 tion into spores. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Sucrose agar: Very scant growth. Thin, 

 colorless veil, sometimes with a trace of 

 white aerial mycelium. 



Glucose agar: Fair growth. Vegetative 

 mycelium flat, growing into medium; pale 

 ochre-yellow to orange, w'ith raised out- 

 growths on the surface. Growth of a crumbly 

 consistency. Scant, white, aerial mycelium. 



Nutrient agar: Slow but good growth. 

 Vegetative mycelium superficial, somewhat 

 raised, ochre-yellow, hard, but with a loose, 

 smeary surface. Aerial mycelium scant, 

 small white tufts. No pigment. 



Liquid media (milk, broth, synthetic solu- 

 tions) : Small, round granules of various 

 yellow to orange colors, firm, but can be 

 crushed into a homogeneous smear. In old 

 broth cultures a thick, hard, orange to 

 brownish surface pellicle is formed. 



Milk: No coagulation or digestion. 



Potato: Fair growth. Vegetative myce- 

 lium granulated, first pale-yellow, later 

 deep ochre-yellow to orange. Scant, white, 

 aerial mycelium. No diffusible pigment. 



Sucrose not inverted. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Cellulose not decomposed. 



