724 



ORDER V. ACTINOMYCETALES 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Final reaction in glucose NH4CI solution, 

 between pH 4.6 and 4.4. 



All strains show a marked power of uti- 

 lizing paraffin wax as a source of energy. 



Source : Isolated from a soil from Rotham- 

 sted, England. 



Habitat: Soil. 



12. Nocardia minima (Jensen, 1931) 

 Waksman and Henrici, 1948. {Proactino- 

 myces minimus Jensen, Proc. Linn. Soc. 

 New So. Wales, 56, 1931, 365; Waksman and 

 Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 902.) 



mi'ni.ma. L. sup. adj. minimus least, very 

 small. 



Filaments and rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 2.0 to 

 10.0 microns. In older cultures mostly short 

 rods, frequently V, Y, swollen forms or 

 cocci. Irregularly stained with ordinary 

 dyes, generally show bars and bands. Gen- 

 erally a few cells from cultures are acid- 

 fast, most are not acid-fast. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab : Filiform, granulated, cream- 

 colored growth. No liquefaction. 



Agar: Slow growth, raised, folded, with 

 finely myeloid margins. At first colorless, 

 after 6 to 8 weeks flesh-pink or coral-pink. 



Potato: Growth slow, after 6 to 8 weeks 

 abundant, spreading, much raised, finely 

 wrinkled, coral-pink. 



Paraffin is utilized. 



Optimum temperature, between 22° and 

 25° C. 



Distinctive characters: Closely resembles 

 Nocardia corallina but differs in the much 

 slower growth and the smaller size of the 

 cells. 



Source: Isolated from soil in Australia. 



Habitat: Soil. 



13. Nocardia corallina (Bergey et al., 

 1923) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. (Bacillus 

 mycoides corallinus Hefferan, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., U, 1904, 459; Serratia corallina 

 Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 93; 

 Mycobacterium agreste Gray and Thornton, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 73, 1928, 84; Pro- 

 actinomyces agrestis Jensen, Proc. Linn. Soc. 

 New So. Wales, 56, 1931, 345; Proactino- 

 myc.es corallinus Jensen, ibid., 57, 1932, 364; 

 Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 

 1948, 902.) 



co.ral.li'na. L. adj. corallinus coral-red. 



Description taken from Gray and Thorn- 

 ton (op. cit., 1928, 84), Jensen (op. cit., 

 1931, 345) and Bynoe (Thesis, McGill Uni- 

 versity, Montreal, 1931). 



Branching rods, generally curved, 1.0 to 

 1.5 by 3.0 to 10.0 microns. In older cultures 

 generally shorter rods and cocci. Non- 

 motile. Not acid-fast. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin colonies: Round, convex, smooth, 

 pink, shining; edge filamentous. Deep col- 

 onies: Burrs. 



Gelatin stab: Nailhead; line of stab ar- 

 borescent. No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Round, convex or um- 

 bonate, smooth, pink, shining or matte; 

 border lighter; edge filamentous or with 

 arborescent projections. Deep colonies: 

 Burrs or lens-shaped, with arborescent 

 projections. In their very early stages, 

 colonies consist of branching, filamentous 

 rods. As the colony grows, the cells in the 

 interior break up into short rods and cocci 

 which eventually form the mass of the 

 colony. Cells on the outside remain fila- 

 mentous, giving the colony a burr-like 

 appearance and often forming long arbores- 

 cent processes. 



Agar slant: Filiform, convex, smooth, 

 pink, shining or matte growth; arborescent 

 or with projections from undulate border. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline. Reddish pellicle. 



Glycerol potato: Filiform, raised, dry, 

 wrinkled, yellowish brown to coral-red. 



Broth: Usually turbid. Pink scum. 



Dorset's egg medium: Filiform, raised, 

 dry, wrinkled, orange growth. 



Loeffler's medium: Similar to growth on 

 Dorset's egg medium, but pink. 



Acid from glycerol and glucose by some 

 strains. No acid or gas from sucrose, malt- 

 ose or lactose. 



Phenol and m-cresol are utilized. Some 

 strains utilize naphthalene (Gray and 

 Thornton). Some strains utilize phenol or 

 m-cresol (Jensen). 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Optimum temperature, between 22° and 

 25° C. 



Optimum pH, between 6.8 and 8.0. 



Distinctive characters: Soil organism 

 forming Mycobacterium-like colonies after 

 2 to 4 days on simple media; pale pink 



