FAMILY II. ACTINOMYCETACEAE 



729 



folded, pale-yellow, surface colony. No 

 liquefaction. 



Glucose-asparagine-agar: Fair growth, 

 narrow, raised, granular, very pale j-ellow, 

 glistening; condensation water clear, with 

 small granules. At 30° C. there is only scant 

 growth consisting of small, irregular, white 

 granules growing deeply down into the agar. 



Glucose-nutrient-agar: Good growth, re- 

 stricted, with undulate edges, surface with 

 high transverse folds, cream-colored; the 

 consistency^ is firm and cartilaginous after 2 

 days, later looser and more brittle. Growth 

 at 28° to 30° C. rather scant; smooth, soft, 

 glistening, cream-colored smear. 



Sabouraud's agar: Excellent growth, 

 spreading, at first flat and smooth, pale 

 straw-yellow, perfectly hard and cartilagi- 

 nous, later raised and strongly folded, of a 

 loose, curd-like consistency, bright lemon- 

 yellow. Growth at 28° to 30° C. only fair, 

 restricted, folded, cream-colored, soon be- 

 coming soft and smeary. 



Broth: Good growth; voluminous, flaky, 

 whitish sediment; broth clear. 



Potato: Scant growth; restricted, soft, 

 cream-colored smear. 



Milk: At 28° to 30° C., small cream- 

 colored granules along the tube; the milk 

 undergoes no visible changes within 4 

 weeks. No proteolytic action. 



Indole not produced. 



Sucrose is inverted. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Cellulose not decomposed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



No growth in oxygen-free atmosphere. 



Nitrogen is utilized as sodium nitrate, 

 ammonium phosphate and asparagine, al- 

 though these are inferior to peptone as 

 sources of nitrogen. 



Source: Isolated from fermented beets. 



Habitat: Found in fermented vegetable 

 materials. 



21. Nocardia albicans (Krassilnikov, 

 1941) Waksman, 1953. {Proactinomyces albi- 

 cans Krassilnikov, Guide to the Actino- 

 mycetes, Izd. Akad. Nauk, U.S.S.R., 

 Moskau, 1941, 71; Waksman, in Waksman 

 and Lechevalier, Actinomycetes and Their 

 Antibiotics, Baltimore, 1953, 146.) 



al'bi.cans. L. part. adj. albicans white- 

 making. 



On solid media the hj'phae break up into 

 rod-shaped cells 0.6 to 0.7 by 12 to 25, some- 

 times up to 50, microns. Cells straight or 

 slightly curved and branching. No aerial 

 mycelium observed except surface layer of 

 sporophores, which produce a velvety ap- 

 pearance. Multiplication is by fission, seldom 

 by budding. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Smooth, shiny; good 

 growth. 



Broth: Poor growth; faintly turbid; 

 settles on bottom and leaves a surface ring. 

 No true mycelium produced. Cells rod- 

 shaped, 5 to 10, seldom 15 to 20, microns. 



Milk: No change. 



Sucrose inverted. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



No growth on cellulose. 



Utilizes glycerol well but not paraffin. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Nitrate utilized as a source of nitrogen. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



22. Nocardia flava (Krassilnikov, 1938) 

 Waksman and Henrici, 1948. (Proactino- 

 myces flavus Krassilnikov, Bull. Acad. Sci. 

 U.S.S.R., No. 1, 1938, 139; Waksman and 

 Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 908.) 



fla'va. L. adj. flavus yellow. 



Cells at first filamentous, 0.7 to 0.8 mi- 

 cron in diameter; after 2 to 3 days, cells 

 broken into long rods and then into cocci 

 0.7 micron in diameter. No spores, although 

 some strains form chlamydospores. Cell 

 multiplication is by fission, cross-wall for- 

 mation and rarely by budding. Not acid- 

 fast. Gram -positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies : Pigment bright yellow or 

 gold-colored on synthetic media, dirty 

 yellow on meat peptone media. Pigment 

 not soluble in medium. Surface of colony 

 somewhat shiny or rough and folded, of a 

 dough-like consistency. 



Synthetic agar colonies: Bright yellow 

 or gold. 



Meat peptone media: Dirty j-ellow pig- 

 mentation. 



Milk: No peptonization or coagulation. 



