FAMILY III. STREPTOMYCETACEAE 



759 



Milk: Coagulated and rapidly peptonized. 

 Sucrose rapidly inverted. 

 Starch is rapidly hydrolyzed. 

 Poor growth on cellulose. 

 Nitrites actively produced from nitrates. 

 Antagonistic properties: None; some 

 strains are weakly active. 

 Source: Isolated from soil. 

 Habitat: Soil. 



13. Streptomyces californicus (Waks- 



man and Curtis, 1916) Waksman and 

 Henrici, 1948. (Actinomyces californicus 

 Waksman and Curtis, Soil Sci., /, 1916, 122; 

 Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 

 1948, 936.) 



ca.li.for'ni.cus. M.L. adj. californicus 

 pertaining to California; named for Cali- 

 fornia, U.S.A. 



Aerial mycelium: Filaments with long, 

 narrow, open spirals. Spherical to ellipsoidal 

 conidia. 



Gelatin stab: Gray, moist, abundant sur- 

 face growth. Liquefaction in 30 days. No 

 soluble pigment. 



Agar: Thin, restricted, yellowish to 

 cream-colored growth. 



Sj'nthetic agar: Spreading, vinaceous- 

 colored growth. Aerial mj-celium powder}', 

 thin, light neutral gray. No soluble pigment. 



Starch agar: Growth spreading, pink 

 center with colorless to gray margin. 



Glucose agar: Restricted, much folded, 

 cream-colored growth with sulfur-yellow 

 tinge. 



Glucose broth: Solid, cream-colored mass 

 on surface, with pink tinge. 



Litmus milk: Faint, brownish surface 

 growth; coagulated; peptonized in 40 days. 



Potato: Glossy, yellow to red growth, 

 turning red-brown. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antagonistic properties: Limited. Some 

 strains produce viomycin. 



Source: Isolated once from California 

 sandy loam. 



Habitat: Soil. 



14. Streptomyces virgatus (Krassilni- 

 kov, 1'941) Waksman, 1953. {Actinomyces 



virgatus Krassilnikov, Guide to the Actino- 

 mycetes, Izd. Akad. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Mos- 

 kau, 1941, 32; Waksman, in Waksman and 

 Lechevalier, Actinomycetes and Their Anti- 

 biotics, Baltimore, 1953, 45.) 



vir.ga'tus. L. adj. virgatus of twigs, rod- 

 shaped. 



Vegetative growth: Yellow-green to cit- 

 ron-yellow or pure yellow colonies; pale 

 green on some media. Pigment insoluble in 

 substrate. Some strains produce brown sub- 

 stance in protein media. 



Aerial mycelium: Weakly developed, 

 white or pale yellow. Sporophores produced 

 in form of tufts. Oidiospores cylindrical, 

 elongated; in some strains round-ellipsoidal. 



Gelatin: Rapid liquefaction. 



Milk : Rapidly coagulated and peptonized. 



Starch is rapidly hydrolyzed. 



No growth on cellulose. 



Nitrites actively produced from nitrates. 



Antagonistic properties: None. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



15. Streptomyces flaveolus (Waksman, 

 1923) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. (Actino- 

 myces 168, Waksman, Soil Sci., 8, 1919, 134; 

 Acfinotnyces flaveolus Waksman, in Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 368; Waksman and Henrici, in 

 Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 936.) 



fla.ve'o.lus. L. adj. flavus golden yellow; 

 M.L. dim. adj. flaveohis somewhat yellow. 



Aerial mycelium: Numerous closed and 

 open spirals on all media. Conidia ellip- 

 soidal. 



Gelatin stab: Liquefied; abundant, yel- 

 lowish, spreading pellicle. 



Agar: White, glistening, wrinkled growth. 



Synthetic agar: Growth light sulfur-yel- 

 low turning to cadmium-yellow, penetrating 

 deep into medium. Aerial mycelium white 

 to ash-gray patches. 



Starch agar: White, spreading growth. 



Glucose agar: Restricted growth, surface 

 folded, raised. 



Glucose broth: Thin, yellow pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Sulfur-yellow ring; coagu- 

 lated; peptonized, with faintly alkaline 

 reaction. 



Potato: Abundant, wrinkled, cream- 

 colored growth. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



