ORDER V. ACTINOMYCETALES 



brown and red reverse. Aerial mycelium 

 velvety chalk-white. Soluble chestnut- 

 brown pigment. 



Glucose broth: Sedimentary light yellow 

 growth. No aerial mycelium. Soluble brown- 

 ish yellow pigment. 



Milk: Good growth with dark brown re- 

 verse. Aerial mycelium chalk-white, later 

 ash-gray. Soluble dark brown pigment. Not 

 peptonized. 



Potato: Good growth. Aerial mycelium 

 chalk-white. No soluble pigment. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Good growth on cellulose. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



60. Streptoniyces lavendulae (Waks- 

 man and Curtis, 1916) Waksman and Hen- 

 rici, 1948. (Actinomyces lavendulae Waks- 

 man and Curtis, Soil Sci., 1, 1916, 126; 

 Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 

 1948, 944.) 



la.ven'du.lae. Med.L. noun lavendula 

 lavender; Med.L. gen. noun lavendulae of 

 lavender color. 



Aerial mycelium: Hyphae coarse, branch- 

 ing. Spirals close, 5 to 8 microns in diame- 

 ter. Conidia ellipsoidal, 1.0 to 1.2 by 1.6 to 

 2.0 microns. 



Gelatin stab: Creamy to brownish surface 

 growth. Liquefaction. 



Agar : Gray, wrinkled growth. 



Synthetic agar: Thin, spreading, color- 

 less growth. Aerial mycelium cottony, 

 white, becoming vinous-lavender. 



Starch agar: Restricted, glistening, trans- 

 parent growth. 



Glucose broth: Abundant, flaky sedi- 

 ment. 



Litmus milk: Cream-colored ring. No 

 coagulation; peptonized, with strong al- 

 kaline reaction. 



Potato: Thin, wrinkled, cream-colored to 

 yellowish growth. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Soluble brown pigment formed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antagonistic properties: Certain strains 

 of this organism produce antibiotics. One 



such antibiotic, designated as streptothri- 

 cin, is active both in vitro and in vivo against 

 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative 

 bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. Certain 

 other strains produce an antiviral agent, 

 ehrlichin. 



Source: Isolated once from orchard soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



61. Streptomyces venezuelae Ehrlich 

 et al., 1948. (Streptomyces No. 844, Prid- 

 ham and Gottlieb, Jour. Bact., 56, 1948, 

 107; Ehrlich, Gottlieb, Burkholder, Ander- 

 son and Pridham, Jour. Bact., 56, 1948, 

 467.) 



ve.ne.zu.e'lae. M.L. noun Venezuela 

 Venezuela; M.L. gen. noun venezuelae of 

 Venezuela. 



Vegetative growth: Hj-phae colorless, 

 monopodial branches, 0.9 to 1.8 microns in 

 diameter. 



Aerial mycelium: Straight or slightly 

 and irregularly curved, 1.0 to 1.8 microns 

 in diameter, lavender under microscope, 

 gray to light tan or pink without magnifica- 

 tion. Spores ellipsoidal to oblong, 0.4 to 

 0.8 by 0.7 to 1.6 microns. 



Gelatin: Rapid liquefaction. Soluble dark 

 pigment. 



Synthetic agar: Light lavender-colored 

 growth. 



Starch agar: White to lavender growth. 



Glucose agar: Soluble dark pigment. 



Dorset's egg medium: White to gray 

 growth. 



Loeffler's serum: Dark brown growth. 



Tyrosine agar: Reaction positive. 



Xylose, arabinose, rhamnose, d-glucose, 

 d-mannose, d-fructose, d-galactose, cello- 

 biose, starch, dextrin, glycerol, acetate, 

 citrate, succinate and salicin support good 

 growth. Slight or no growth with d-ribose, 

 sucrose, raffinose, inulin, erythritol, dulci- 

 tol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol and malate. 

 No growth with formate, oxalate, tartrate, 

 salicylate, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol or p- 

 cresol. 



Milk: Peptonized. Soluble dark pigment. 



Potato: Abundant, gray growth. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces chlor- 

 amphenicol, a neutral compound active 



