FAMILY III. STREPTOMYCETACEAE 



787 



Abt., 41, 1914, 662; also see Waksman and 

 Curtis, Soil Sci., 1, 1916, 99; not Actinomyces 

 citreus Gasperini, Cent. f. Bakt., 15, 1894, 

 684; Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th 

 ed., 1948, 946.) 



cit're.us. L. adj. citreus of the citrus tree; 

 M.L. adj. citreus lemon-yellow. 



Aerial mycelium: Filaments with long, 

 narrow open spirals. Conidia spherical to 

 ellipsoidal, 1.2 to 1.5 by 1.2 to 1.8 microns. 



Gelatin stab: Yellowish, restricted sur- 

 face growth. Liquefaction in 35 days. 



Agar: Restricted, cream-colored growth. 



Synthetic agar: Abundant, spreading, 

 raised, wrinkled, citron-yellow growth. 

 Aerial mycelium covering surface, citron- 

 yellow. 



Starch agar: Abundant, yellowish green 

 growth. 



Glucose agar: Extensive, glossy, olive- 

 yellow, entire growth; center elevated. 



Glucose broth: Thin, wide, yellow ring; 

 flaky sediment. 



Litmus milk: Cream-colored surface 

 growth; coagulated; peptonized, becoming 

 alkaline. 



Potato: Yellowish growth, aerial my- 

 celium white. 



The pigment formed is not soluble. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Nitrites produced in trace amounts from 

 nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antagonistic properties: Negative. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



77. Streptoinyces fulvissimus (Jensen, 

 1930) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. (Ac- 

 tinomyces fulvissitnus Jensen, Soil Sci., SO, 

 1930, 66; Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 

 6th ed., 1948, 946.) 



ful.vis'si.mus. L. sup. adj. Jxdvissimus 

 very yellow. 



Vegetative growth: Mycelium without 

 any special characteristics. 



Aerial mycelium: Hyphae short, straight, 

 often trifurcated, 1.0 to 1.2 microns broad; 

 no spiral formation; branches of hyphae 

 break up into conidia, 1.0 to 1.2 by 1.2 to 

 1.5 microns. 



Gelatin: Vegetative mycelium narrow. 



smooth, yellowish brown to red-brown; 

 no aerial mycelium; no pigment; gelatin 

 completely liquefied in 10 to 12 days. 



Agar: Good growth; vegetative mycelium 

 raised, finely wrinkled, deep red-brown; no 

 aerial mycelium; brownish yellow pigment. 



Synthetic agar: Good growth (one strain 

 very scant), vegetative mycelium flat, 

 narrow, first light golden, later deep orange 

 to red-brown; aerial mycelium scant, some- 

 times almost absent, first white, later light 

 grayish brown; pigment very characteristic, 

 bright golden to orange. 



Glycerol agar: Good growth; vegetative 

 mycelium narrow, raised, smooth, golden 

 to dark bronze; aerial mycelium scant, in 

 patches, white to light cinnamon-brown; 

 pigment intensely golden to orange. 



Starch-casein agar: Good growth; vegeta- 

 tive mycelium spreading, folded, yellowish 

 brown; aerial mycelium abundant, smooth, 

 lead-gray; pigment dull yellow to orange. 



Potato: Good growth; vegetative my- 

 celium raised, much wrinkled, rust-brown; 

 aerial mycelium absent or traces of white; 

 pigment gray to faint lemon-yellow. 



LoefBer's blood serum: Vegetative my- 

 celium red-brown; no aerial mycelium; 

 yellowish pigment; no liquefaction. 



Distinctive characters: The characteristic 

 golden pigment is formed in nearly all media 

 in which the organism grows, but it becomes 

 most typical and attains its greatest bright- 

 ness in synthetic agar media; it has indi- 

 cator properties, turning red in strongly 

 acid solutions. The species is easily recog- 

 nized on agar plates by its bronze-colored 

 colonies surrounded by haloes of bright 

 yellow pigment. 



Source: Very common in Danish soils. 



Habitat: Soil. 



78. Streptomyces chrysomallus Lind- 



enbein, 1952. {Streptomyces chrysomallus 

 Brockmann, Grubhofer, Kass and Kalbe 

 (nomen nudum), Chem. Ber., 84, 1951, 260; 

 Lindenbein, Arch. f. Mikrobiol., 17, 1952, 

 369.) 



chry.so'mal.lus. Gr. adj. chrysomallus 

 with golden wool. 



Vegetative growth: Soft on all media. 

 Long, branched hyphae with numerous 

 staining granules. 



