800 



ORDER V. ACTINOMYCETALES 



Optimum temperature, 25° C. 



Antagonistic properties: Highly antago- 

 nistic. Produces an antibacterial agent, 

 neomycin, and an antifungal agent, fradicin. 



Source: Isolated once from adobe soil 

 in California. 



Habitat: Soil. 



106. Streptomyces albosporeus (Krain- 

 sky, 1914) Waksman and Henrici, 

 1948. {Actinomyces albosporeus Krainsky, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 41, 1914, 649; also 

 see Waksman and Curtis, Soil Sci., 1, 1916, 

 99; Waksman and Henrici, in Manual, 6th 

 ed., 1948, 954.) 



al.bo.spo're.us. L. adj. alhus white; 

 Or. noun spora a seed; M.L. noun spora a 

 spore; M.L. adj. albosporeus white-spored. 



Aerial mycelium: Hyphae straight, 

 branching, with occasional spirals. Spores 

 spherical or ellipsoidal, 0.8 to 1.2 by 1.0 to 

 1.8 microns. 



Gelatin stab: Yellow growth, changing 

 to red, wuth hyaline margin. Liquefaction 

 in 35 days. 



Agar: Minute, cream-colored colonies. 



Synthetic agar: Spreading growth, color- 

 less with pink center, becoming brownish. 

 Aerial mycelium white, covering the whole 

 surface. No soluble pigment. 



Starch agar: Growth thin, spreading, 

 transparent, with red tinge. 



Glucose agar: Growth spreading, red, 

 wrinkled, radiate, entire. 



Glucose broth: Pinkish surface ring. 



Litmus milk: Scant, pink ring. Not coagu- 

 lated, not peptonized. 



Potato: Growth thin, spreading, wrin- 

 kled, gray, becoming brown with greenish 

 tinge. 



The pigment formed is not soluble. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antagonistic properties: Positive. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



107. Streptomyces purpurascens Lin- 

 denbein, 1952. {Streptomyces purpurascens 

 Brockmann, Bauer and Borchers (nomen 



nudum), Chem. Ber., 84, 1951, 700; Linden- 

 bein. Arch. f. Mikrobiol., 17, 1952, 371.) 



pur.pur.as'cens. L. part. adj. purpuras- 

 cens making purple. 



Vegetative growth: Usually heavy, red 

 to carmine-red to almost purple. 



Aerial mj'celium: Cottony, white. Spirals 

 observed in 6 days, but they may be lacking 

 altogether. 



Gelatin: Heavy, light brown surface 

 growth. Aerial mycelium cottony, white. 

 Soluble red-brown pigment. Rapid lique- 

 faction. 



Agar: Light brown growth with dark 

 brown reverse. Aerial mycelium velvety, 

 gray. 



Synthetic agar: Tj'pical carmine-red 

 growth. Aerial mycelium cottony, chalk- 

 white. Soluble brown-red pigment. 



Glucose asparagine agar: Carmine-red 

 growth. Aerial mycelium cottony, white. 

 Soluble orange pigment. 



Ca-malate agar: Carmine-red growth. 

 Aerial mycelium chalk-white. Soluble brick- 

 red pigment. 



Starch agar: Lichenoid, light carmine- 

 colored growth. Aerial mycelium white. No 

 soluble pigment. 



Glucose agar: Lichenoid, red to red-brown 

 growth. Aerial mycelium cottony, chalk- 

 white. Soluble light brown pigment. 



Glucose broth: Heavy pellicle with 

 limited bottom growth, carmine-red, later 

 copper-red. Aerial mycelium powdery, 

 chalk-white. Soluble carmine-red pigment. 



Milk: Lichenoid, red to dark brown 

 growth. Aerial mycelium velvety to cottony, 

 white. No proteolysis. 



Potato: Very good, brownish to reddish 

 growth. Aerial mycelium velvet}^ white. 

 No soluble pigment. 



Starch is actively hydrolyzed. 



Very good, white to red growth on cel- 

 lulose. 



Antagonistic properties: Produces rhodo- 

 mycin. 



Comment: On continued growth on syn- 

 thetic media, the culture may lose the prop- 

 erty to produce the typical pigment; it can 

 be regained, however, by growing on organic 

 media. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



