FAMILY III. STKEPTOMYCETACEAE 



801 



108. Streptomyces longispororuber 



(Krassilnikov, 1941) Waksman, 1953. (Ac- 

 tinomyces longisporus ruber Krassilnikov, 

 Guide to the Actinomj'^cetes, Izd. Akad. 

 Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskaii, 1941, 22; Waks- 

 man, in Waksman and Lechevalier, Actino- 

 mycetes and Their Antibiotics, Baltimore, 

 1953, 99.) 



lon.gi.spo.ro.ru'ber. L. adj. longus long; 

 Gr. noun spora a seed; M.L. noun spora a 

 spore; L. adj. ruber red; M.L. adj. lon- 

 (jispororuber long-spored, red. 



Vegetative growth: Dark red to purple- 

 red to light rose colonies. Little pigment 

 diffuses into media except those containing 

 fat. Certain strains secrete a soluble brown 

 substance in protein-containing media. 



Aerial mycelium: Weakly developed, 

 whitish to rose-white. Sporophores in some 

 strains well developed, velvety, long, 

 straight, seldom forming open spirals. 

 Spores cylindrical to elongated, 0.7 by 

 1.0 to 1.5 microns, with sharply cut ends; a 

 few are slightly swollen, becoming ellip- 

 soidal or spherical, 1 micron in diameter. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Sj'nthetic agar: Light red to pale rose 

 growth. Pigment not soluble. 



Milk: Weakly coagulated; peptonized. 



Starch is hydrolyzed, sometimes slowly. 



No growth on cellulose by some strains; 

 others grow weaklj'. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates by some 

 strains. 



Antagonistic properties: Strongly antago- 

 nistic to a number of bacteria. 



Comment: This organism is very varia- 

 ble, especially regarding the production of 

 aerial mj-celium. 



Relationships to other species : Related to 

 Streptomyces ruber, except for the cylindrical 

 spores. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. 



109. Streptomyces oidiosporus (Kras- 

 silnikov, 1941) Waksman, 1953. {Actinomyces 

 oidiosporus Krassilnikov, Guide to the 

 Actinomycetes, Izd. Akad. Nauk, U.S.S.R., 

 Moskau, 1941, 23; Waksman, in Waksman 

 and Lechevalier, Actinomycetes and Their 

 Antibiotics, Baltimore, 1953, 99.) 



o.i.di.o'spo.rus. Gr. neut.n. oum egg; 



M.L. neut.dim.n. oidium a small egg, a type 

 of fungus spore; Gr. noun spora a seed; 

 M.L. noun spora a spore; M.L. adj. oidio- 

 sporus oidium-spored. 



Vegetative growth: Red or rose to pale 

 rose colonies. Pigment not soluble. 



Aerial mycelium: Poorly developed, 

 covering medium with velvety rose-white 

 color. Sporophores straight or wavy, never 

 forming spirals; they are short or long, 

 frequently forming broom-shaped struc- 

 tures. Oidiospores produced by segmenta- 

 tion of sporophores. Spores 1.0 by 1.0 to 1.8 

 microns, frequently appearing as double 

 cocci. 



Gelatin: Weakly developed aerial myce- 

 lium, frequently lacking. Hyphae short, 

 covering colony like a rose-white velvet; 

 frequently occurs in spots or is absent. 

 Weak liquefaction. 



Milk: Not coagulated; peptonized. 



Starch is actively hydrolyzed. 



No growth on cellulose. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Antagonistic properties: None. 



Relationships to other species: Resembles 

 Streptomyces ruber and Streptomyces lon- 

 gispororuber. 



Source: Some strains were obtained as 

 variants of Nocardia rubra. 



Habitat: Presumably soil. 



110. Streptomyces melanocyclus (Mer- 

 ker, 1911) Waksman and Henrici, 1948. 

 {Micrococcus melanocyclus Merker, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 31, 1911, 589; Waksman and 

 Henrici, in Manual, 6th ed., 1948, 956.) 



me.la.no.cy'clus. Gr. adj. melas, melanis 

 black; Gr. noun cyclus a circle; M.L. noun 

 melanocyclus the black circle. 



Vegetative growth: Much-folded. 



Aerial mycelium: Dark brown. Spores 

 spherical, 0.9 micron in diameter. Produces 

 red pigment as well as soluble brown sub- 

 stance, as a result of which culture and 

 substrate become red-brown to almost black 

 with a shade of red. 



Gelatin colonies: Growth poor. 



Gelatin stab: Rapid liquefaction. 



Ca-malate agar: Colonies small, flat, 

 orange-red. Aerial mycelium black, occur- 

 ring along the edges. 



Glucose agar: Same as on Ca-malate agar. 



