FAMILY I. CARYOPHANACEAE 



833 



is easily detached and falls to the bottom 

 at the slightest disturbance. When growth 

 is rapid and motility strong, a homogeneous 

 turbidity is produced. 



Growth not appreciably quicker at 25° 

 to 27° C. than at 18° to 20° C; growth re- 

 tarded at 32° C. 



Source: Isolated from an infusion of cow 

 dung from Cambridge, England. 



Habitat: Found in cow dung and decaying 

 plant material. 



2. Lineola articulata Pringsheim, 1950. 

 (Lineola articulata {nomen nudum) Prings- 

 heim, Bact. Rev., IS, 1949, 72; Pringsheim, 

 Jour. Gen. Microbiology, ^, 1950, 198.) 



ar.ti.cu.la'ta. L. part. adj. articulatus 

 jointed. 



Rods 1.4 to 1.6 by 10 to 50 (mostly 30 to 

 40) microns, coenocj'tic in appearance. Pe- 

 ritrichous. Trichomes are motile, flexuous 

 at the joints connecting the individual rods 

 and attain a length of up to 160 microns. 

 Branching is rather frequent, the branches 

 being at times so long as to be indistinguish- 

 able from the main trichome. The branches 

 appear to be unattached to the main axis 



and no more than two are found at one joint. 

 Cell division occurs by constriction with a 

 subsequent formation of cross-walls. In the 

 absence of fatty acids multiplication does 

 not occur. Non-sporeforming. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Acetate peptone yeast extract agar col- 

 onies: Large and curly with wavy or lobed 

 edges. Small colonies are iridescent, resem- 

 bling mother-of-pearl. Young growths ap- 

 pear as irregularly undulating, snake-like 

 threads which develop into small, narrow, 

 elongated colonies; later these become V-, 

 X- or Y-shaped and develop into increas- 

 ingly regular patches. 



Agar stab : Growth on or near the surface. 



Broth: Usually filled with evenly distrib- 

 uted, rarely non-motile trichomes; settling 

 occurs only in ageing cultures. 



Growth not appreciably quicker at 25° 

 to 27° C. than at 18° to 20° C; growth not 

 retarded at 32° C. 



Source: Isolated from water with plant 

 debris from the New Forest. 



Habitat: Found in water and in nature 

 where plant material is decaying. 



Genus III. Simonsiella Schmid, 1922. 

 (Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 504.) 



Si.mon.si.el'la. Named for Hellmuth Simons, who studied the species in this genus; M.L. 

 dim. ending -ella; M.L. fem.n. Simonsiella a generic name. 



Cells occur in short to long chains which are usually divided into segments. Each segment 

 normally contains four cells or four cell pairs, occasionally double this number. The end 

 cells are small and rounded. Non-motile. Harmless saprophytes in the buccal cavities of 

 healthy persons and domestic animals. 



The type species is Simonsiella muelleri Schmid. 



1. Simonsiella muelleri Schmid, 1922. 

 (Scheibenbakterien, Miiller, Miinchen. med. 

 Wochnschr., 58, 1911, 227; Simonsiella Mul- 

 leri (sic) Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 504.) 



muel'le.ri. M.L. gen. noun muelleri of 

 Miiller; named for Reiner Miiller, a German 

 bacteriologist. 



Cells, 0.4 to 0.7 by 2.0 to 3.0 microns, ar- 

 ranged side by side in chains. Chains, 2.0 

 to 3.2 by 3.0 to 16.0 microns, with rounded 

 ends, divided into segments which contain 

 four cells or four cell pairs, sometimes dou- 



ble this number. Miiller (op. cit., 1911, 227) 

 reported dark granules in the middle of 

 each segment, but Simons (op. cit., 1922, 507) 

 maintains that these "granules" are merely 

 artifacts. Non-motile. Stains very weakly 

 with safranin. 



Saprophytic. 



Habitat: Found in normal buccal cavities. 



2. Simonsiella crassa Schmid, 1922. 

 (Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., 88, 1922, 509.) 



cras'sa. L. adj. crassus thick. 



