834 



ORDER VI. CARYOPHANALES 



Similar in morphology to Simonsiella 

 muelleri but broader. 



Habitat: Found on the mucous mem- 

 branes of the oral cavities of domestic ani- 

 mals. 



3. Simonsiella filiforinis Schmid, 1922. 

 (Schmid, in Simons, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., 88, 1922, 509.) 



fi.li.for'mis. L. noun filum thread; L. 

 noun forma shape; M.L. adj. filiformis fili- 

 form. 



Cells occur in long, pointed chains which 

 vary in width at several places along their 

 lengths. 



Habitat: Found in mucus from the oral 

 cavities of domestic animals. 



FAMILY II. OSCILLOSPIRACEAE PESHKOFF, 1940. 

 (Jour. Gen. Biol. (Russian), 1, 1940, 611 and 616.) 



Os.cil.lo.spi.ra'ce.ae. M.L. neut.n. Oscillospira type genus of the family; -aceae ending 

 to denote a family; M.L. fem.pl.n. Oscillospiraceae the Oscillospira family. 



Cells occur in trichomes of varjdng lengths. The trichomes are partitioned to form narrow 

 cells, each containing a central chromatin body (disc-like nucleus); these bodies give a 

 clear Feulgen reaction and are embedded in hyaline protoplasm. Spores are formed by a 

 fusion of the protoplasms of two to three neighboring cells. Actively motile by means of 

 peritrichous flagella; non-motile strains may occur. Parasitic in the intestinal tracts of ver- 

 tebrates. 



There is a single genus, Oscillospira. 



Genus I. Oscillospira Chatton and Perard, 1913. 



(Chatton and Perard, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 65, 1913, 1159; 

 also see Pringsheim, Bact. Rev., 13, 1949, 75 and 76.) 



Os.cil.lo.spi'ra. L. neut.n. oscillum a swing; Or. noun spira a spiral; M.L. fem.n. Oscil- 

 lospira the oscillating spiral. 



These bacteria occur as trichomes of varying lengths which contain a limited number of 

 discoid cells which are usually biconcave and end cells which are approximately hemispher- 

 ical. Cell division is by a diaphragm-like ingrowth of the trichome wall. Spores, usually 

 one, rarely two, are formed which resemble endospores; they are too large to be accommo- 

 dated by a single cell, and therefore several cells in a trichome break down to form a spore 

 chamber. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella, although non-motile strains may occur. 

 Anaerobic or, more probably, microaerophilic. Found in the alimentary tracts of animals, 

 especially in the rumina of ruminants and the caeca of guinea pigs. 



The type species is Oscillospira guilliermondii Chatton and P6rard. 



1. Oscillospira guilliermondii Chatton 

 and Perard, 1913. (Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., 

 Paris, 65, 1913, 1159.) 



guil.lier.mon'di.i. M.L. gen. noun guil- 

 liermondii of Guilliermond; named for Prof. 

 A. Guilliermond, a French biologist. 



Sturdy trichomes with a diameter of 5 

 nucrons and a length which never exceeds 

 100 microns. The extremities are rounded 

 with approximately hemispherical end- 

 cells. The biconcave, discoid cells within 

 the trichomes are 1 to 2 microns long and 



homogeneous or finely granular in appear- 

 ance. Spores, which average 2.5 by 4.0 mi- 

 crons, are ellipsoidal and are oriented 

 lengthwise on the long axis of the trichome 

 or are very slightly inclined on this axis. 

 Because the spore chamber is formed by 

 the breakdown of several cells, it is con- 

 siderably longer and slightly wider than 

 the remaining cells. Sporulating trichomes, 

 which contain one, rarely two spores, are 

 infrequently found; the spores are located 



