FAMILY IV. POLYANGIACEAE 



881 



571) found it on rotten wood from Ceylon; 

 also found by Thaxter (Bot. Gaz., 17, 1892; 

 23, 1897, 395) on old wood, fungi and on 

 antelope dung from Africa. Quehl (Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 16, 1906, 9) found it on dung 

 from Java, and the Krzemieniewskis (Bull. 

 Intern. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 1-10, 

 Serie B (I), 1946, 42) report it from decayed 

 wood in Poland. 



Illustrations: Berkeley and Broome {op. 

 cit., 1873, PI. 4, Fig. 16), Kalchbrenner and 

 Cooke (Australian Fungi, Grevillea, 9, 1880, 

 23), Thaxter (op. cit., 1892, Pis. 23 and 24, 

 Figs. 12-19 and 25-28), Zukal (Ber. d. 

 deutsch. bot. Ges., H, 1896, PI. 20), Quehl 

 (op. cit., 1906, PI. 1, Fig. 10), Jahn (Beitrage 

 zur bot. Protistologie. I, Die Polyangiden. 

 Geb. Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1924, Fig. V, 

 page 57; Fig. W, page 59) and Krzemieniew- 

 ski (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, J^, 1926, PI. V, 

 Figs. 57-60). 



3. Chondroinyces brunneus Krzemie- 

 niewska and Krzemieniewski, 1946. (Chon- 

 dromyces aurantiacus var. frutescens Krze- 

 mieniewska and Krzemieniewski, Acta Soc. 

 Bot. Poloniae, 5, 1927, 96; Krzemieniewska 

 and Krzemieniewski, Bull. Intern. Acad. 

 Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 1-10, Serie B (I), 1946, 

 44.) 



brun'ne.us. M.L. adj. brunneus dark, 

 brown. 



Vegetative cells: Rods 0.6 to 0.7 by 5.0 

 to 10.0 microns. 



Fruiting bodies: The fruiting bodies de- 

 velop out of a greenish, later yellowish, 

 mass of rods in the form of a group of thick 

 stalks with a common base, each stalk bear- 

 ing numerous terminal cysts. The cj'sts are 

 ellipsoidal or spherical, 28 to 83 by 37 to 

 102 microns. At first orange in color, the 

 cysts rapidly turn dark chestnut-brown and, 

 in the dried state, almost black. In some 

 cases the stalks persist through maturation 

 of the cysts; at other times they shrink as 

 the cysts darken and eventually deposit 

 the latter on the sul)strate. Resting cells in 

 the cysts are 0.9 to 1.0 by 2.0 to 3.5 microns. 



Source: Isolated from soil from Poland. 



Habitat: Found on deca3ang organic mat- 

 ter in soil. 



Illustrations: Krzemieniewska and Krze- 

 mieniewski {op. cit., 1927, PI. VI, Figs. 27- 

 35; op. cit., 1946, PI. 1, Figs. 9 and 10). 



4. Chondromyces cylindricus Krze- 

 mieniewska and Krzemieniewski, 1930. 

 (Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae, 7, 1930, 260.) 



cy.lin'dri.cus. Gr. adj. cylindricus cylin- 

 drical. 



Vegetative cells : Rods with tapering ends, 

 0.5 to 0.8 by 6.0 to 11.0 microns. 



Fruiting bodies : Numerous cysts in spher- 

 ical clusters set on thick, straight stalks 

 which, slightly towards the tip, are colorless 

 or j-ellow-orange and which average 200 

 microns in height. The cysts are ellipsoidal 

 or elongated, mostly thick cylinders with 

 rounded ends; orange, later becoming 

 orange-red in color. When young they are 

 attached to the stalk by thin pedicels about 

 30 microns in length but later become 

 sessile on the stalk. Cysts are 20 to 30 by 

 30 to 90 microns. The resting cells within 

 them are 0.7 to 1.0 by 2.0 to 4.0 microns. 



Cultivation: Maintained in culture by 

 the Krzemieniewskis on boiled rabbit dung 

 for fifteen j^ears. Cysts capable of germina- 

 tion within a week, after maintenance in 

 the resting state for eight years. 



Source: Isolated from Polish soil. 



Habitat: Found on decaying organic mat- 

 ter in soil. 



Illustrations: Krzemieniewska and Krze- 

 mieniewski {ibid., PI. XVII, Fig. 18; also see 

 Bull. Intern. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lettres, No. 

 1-10, Serie B (I), 1946, PI. 1, Figs. 18, 21 

 and 22) . 



5. Chondromyces apiculatus Thaxter, 

 1897. (Bot. Gaz., 23, 1897, 405.) 



a.pi.cu.la'tus. L. noun apex, apicis point, 

 top, cap; M.L. adj. apiculatus having a small 

 point. 



Vegetative cells: Rods 1 by 3 to 20 mi- 

 crons. Does not grow as well on nutrient 

 agar as Chondromyces crocatus and produces 

 cj^sts and cystophores rarely. Cultivated on 

 dung. Kofler states rods are 3 to 5 microns 

 in length. 



Fruiting bodies: Cysts of variable form, 

 cylindrical to broadly turnip-shaped, usu- 

 ally with basal and apical appendages, the 

 latter longer and pointed, bright orange, 28 

 by 35 microns. Cysts united in a single, 

 spherical, terminal head about 200 microns 

 in diameter. Stalk rigid, stiff, seldom 

 branched, to 1 mm high, colorless, longitudi- 

 nally striate. 



