906 



ORDER IX. SPIROCHAETALES 



Non -pathogenic. 



Habitat : Found on male and female geni- 

 talia. 



5. Treponema microdentiiim Noguchi, 

 1912. (Jour. Exp. Med., 15, 1912, 81.) 



micro. den'ti.um. Gr. adj. micrus small; 

 h. noun dens, dentis tooth;M.L. gen.pl. noun 

 microdentiuvi of small teeth. 



The cells are less than 0.25 micron in 

 thickness in the middle and taper toward 

 each extremity, which is pointed. The length 

 varies with age, but the cells may reach 8 

 microns and may show an average of 14 

 curves. Sometimes a long, thin, flagella-like 

 projection is observed at each extremity. 



Growth occurs under anaerobic conditions 

 in serum water medium containing fresh 

 tissue. The serum is slightly coagulated 

 and gives off a strong, fetid odor. 



Habitat: Found in the normal oral cavity. 



6. Treponema mucosiim Noguchi, 1912. 

 (Jour. Exp. Med., 16, 1912, 194.) 



mu.co'sum. L. adj. mucosus full of slime 

 or mucus. 



Spiral-shaped cells, 0.25 to 0.3 by 8.0 to 

 12.0 microns, the number of curves varying 

 from 6 to 8. Both extremities are sharply 

 pointed and often possess a minute, curved 

 projection 8 to 10 microns long. Stain red 

 with Giemsa's stain. 



Cultivable under anaerobic conditions, 

 forming mucin. 



A strong, putrid odor is produced in cul- 

 tures. 



Strictly anaerobic. 



Source : Isolated from the pus in a case of 

 pyorrhoea. 



Habitat: Found in pyorrhea alveolaris; 

 possesses pyogenic properties. 



7. Treponema carateum Brumpt, 1939. 

 (Treponema de un caso de pinta, Saenz, 

 Grau Triana and Alfonso, Arch, de Med. 

 Int., Havana, 4, 1938, 3; Brumpt, Compt. 

 rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 130, 1939, 942; Trevo- 

 nema herrejoni Leon and Blanco, Rev. de 

 Med. Trop. y Parasitol., Habana, 6, 1940, 5; 

 Treponema pictor Pardo-Castello, Rev. de 

 Med. Trop. y Parasitol., Habana, 6, 1940, 

 117; Treponema americanus (sic) Le6n, Rev. 



de Med. Trop. y Parasit., 6, 1940, 253-276; 

 Treponema pintae Curbelo, Elementos de 

 Bacteriologia M^dica, 1941, 34.) 



ca.ra'te.um. M.L. noun carate name of a 

 South American disease, pinta; M.L. adj. 

 carateus of carate. 



Description taken from Leon and Blanco 

 {op. cit., 1940, 5). 



Cylindrical cells, 0.25 to 0.30 by 7.8 to 

 36.8 microns, averaging 17.8 microns in 

 length, with sharp-pointed ends. Spiral 

 amplitude, 1.0 micron, regular; spiral depth, 

 0.8 to 1.0 micron. Number of waves, 6 to 27, 

 according to the length of the cell; 10 to 12 

 (Brumpt, op. cit., 1939, 942). Actively mo- 

 tile; at times undulating or creeping move- 

 ments are shown. Readily takes silver im- 

 pregnations, Giemsa's stain, carbolfuchsin 

 and gentian violet. 



Not yet cultivated artificially. Experi- 

 mental transmission unsuccessful so far. 



Saponin (10 per cent) : Cells disintegrate 

 in six hours at room temperature. Same re- 

 sult with sodium taurocholate (10 per cent) 

 and with bile. 



Distilled water: Produces swelling of the 

 cells. 



Motility is lost on heating for 15 minutes 

 at 50° C. or for 3 hours at 41° C. 



Wassermann, Kahn and Meinicke reac- 

 tions are positive. 



Source: From the borders of cutaneous 

 lesions of persons having pinta (spotted 

 sickness) . 



Habitat: The cause of pinta, or carate. 

 Common in Mexico and Colombia; also 

 found in other northern countries of South 

 America, in Central America and in the 

 West Indies; rarely found in Cuba. Possibly 

 found in other tropical regions of the world. 



8. Treponema cuniculi Noguchi, 1921. 

 {Spirochaeta paraluis cuniculi Jacobsthal, 

 Dermatol. Wochnschr., 71, 1920, 569; No- 

 guchi, Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 77, 1921, 

 2052; also see Jour. Exp. Med., 85, 1922, 395.) 



cu.ni'cu.li. L. noun cuniculus rabbit; L. 

 gen. noun cuniculi of a rabbit. 



Description taken from Noguchi (loc. 

 cit.). 



Aside from being longer, the cells closely 

 resemble those of Treponema pallidum. 0.25 



