916 



ORDER X. MYCOPLASMATALES 



aa. From rodents. 



b. Primarily from rats. 

 c. Acid from glucose. 



cc. No acid from glucose 



bb. Primarily from mice. 



2. From avian sources. 



8. Mycoplasma pulmonis. 



9. Mycoplasma arthritidis. 



10. Mycoplasma neurolyticum. 



11. Mycoplasma cjallinarum. 



B. From human sources. 



1. No acid from glucose. 



a. Granular growth throughout semi-solid media. 



12. Mycoplasma hominis. 

 aa. Smooth growth at bottom of semi-solid media. 



13. Mycoplasma salivarium. 



2. Acid from glucose. 



14. Mycoplasma fermentans. 

 II. Saprophytic. 



15. Mycoplasma laidlawii. 



1. Mycoplasma niycoides (Borrel et al., 

 1910) Freundt, 1955. (Le microbe de la peri- 

 pneumonie, Nocard and Rou.x, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 13, 1898, 240; Asterococcus niycoides 

 Borrel, Dujardin-Beaumetz, Jeantet and 

 Jouan, Ann. Inst. Past., 24, 1910, 179; 

 Coccobacillus niycoides peripneumoniae 

 Martzinovski, Ann. Inst. Past., 25, 1911, 

 917; Micromyces peripneumoniae bovis con- 

 tagiosae Frosch, Arch. f. wissensch. u. 

 prakt. Tierheilk., 49, 1923, 35 and 273; 

 Mycoplasma peripneumoniae Nowak, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 43, 1929, 1349; Asteromyces peri- 

 pneumoniae bovis Wroblewski, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 4"^, 1931, 105; Borrelomyces peripneu- 

 moniae Turner, Jour. Path, and Bact., 41, 

 1935, 25; Bovimyces pleuropneumoniae Sabin, 

 Bact. Rev., 5, 1941, 57; Pleuropneumonia 

 bovis Tulasne and Brisou, Ann. Inst. Past., 

 88, 1955, 237; Freundt, Internat. Bull, of 

 Bact. Nomen. and Taxon., 5, 1955, 73; also 

 see Edward, Internat. Bull, of Bact. Nomen. 

 and Taxon., 5, 1955, 89.) 



my.co.i'des. Gr. mas.n. myces a fungus; 

 Gr. noun eidus shape, form; M.L. adj. my- 

 coides fungus -like. 



The cultural and biochemical characteris- 

 tics of this and of most of the other species 

 of the genus are, to a wide extent, based on 

 the work of Edward (Jour. Gen. Microbiol., 

 10, 1954, 27). 



Stable and richly branching mycelioid 



structure with long filaments which measure 

 40 to 50 microns in length, the maximum 

 being about 100 to 150 microns (0rskov, 

 Ann. Inst. Past., 41, 1927, 413; also see Acta 

 Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 19, 1942, 586; 

 Nowak, op. cit., 1929, 1330; Wroblewski, 

 op. cit., 1931, 94; Ledingham, Jour. Path, 

 and Bact., 37, 1933, 393; Klieneberger, Jour. 

 Path, and Bact., 39, 1934, 409; Tang, Wei, 

 McWhirter and Edgar, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 40, 1935, 391; Turner, op. cit., 1935, 

 1; Freundt, Acta Path, et Microbiol. 

 Scand., 31, 1952, 508). The filaments are re- 

 garded by other authors mainly as artifacts. 

 Klieneberger and Smiles (Jour, of H3'g., 42, 

 1942, 110) describe reproduction by multi- 

 plication of minute granules within large, 

 irregularly round cells. Gram-negative. 



Horse-serum agar: Neither film nor spots 

 are produced. 



Horse-blood agar: Alpha hemolj'sis. 



Rabbit-serum agar: Poor growth. 



Semi-solid media: Fluffy growth, prefer- 

 ably near the surface. 



Broth: Rather strong, generalized opacity 

 with a small deposit which produces silky 

 swirls and threads on shaking. Cultures in 

 broth without glucose remain viable for 45 

 to 60 days at 37°C. Filtrates of 6-day broth 

 cultures discolor suspensions of horse 

 erythrocytes, presumably due to the forma- 

 tion of methemoglobin. 



