950 



ORDER I. RICKETTSIALES 



bonis Donatien and Lestoquard, Bull. Soc. 

 path, exot., 29, 1936, 1057; Moshkovskiy, 

 Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol. (U.S.S.R.), 19, 

 1945, 18; Kurlovia (Ehrlichia) bovis Zhdanov, 

 Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, 

 Izd. Akad. Med. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 

 1953, 57 and 169.) 



bo'vis. L. noun bos the ox; M.L. gen. noun 

 bovis of the ox. 



Occurs in circular, elliptical and poly- 

 gonal colonies, 1 to 6 or 11 microns in di- 

 ameter, in the cytoplasm of circulating 

 monocytes of infected cattle. The individual 

 organisms are difficult to see in these masses 

 and measurements are not given. Stain deep 

 lavender or purple with Giemsa's stain. 



Cultivation: Not reported. 



Serology: Not reported. 



Immunology: Circulating infection per- 

 sists for at least a year (premunition) and is 

 not transmissible to sheep. Susceptibility of 

 small laboratory animals not stated. 



Pathogenicity: No mortality in cattle, 

 which are the only reported susceptible 

 hosts. Defibrinated blood has remained in- 

 fectious at laboratory temperatures for 26 

 hours. Infection transmissible by blood 

 subinoculation as well as through the agency 

 of ticks. 



Source: Observed by Donatien and Lesto- 

 quard (op. cii., 1936, 1057) in the monocytes 

 of Moroccan cattle which were infected by 

 adult ticks reared from immature stages im- 

 ported on other cattle from Iran. 



Habitat: Found in Iranian cattle ticks 

 (Hyalomma sp.) in which at least trans- 



stadial transmission was demonstrated. The 

 etiological agent of a non-fatal cattle disease 

 in Iran. Further experimental and trans- 

 ovarial tick transmission not reported. 



3. Ehrlichia ovina (Lestoquard and 

 Donatien, 1936) Moshkovskiy, 1945. (Rick- 

 ettsia ovina Lestoquard and Donatien, Bull. 

 Soc. path, exot., 29, 1936, 108; Moshkovskiy, 

 Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol. (U.S.S.R.), 19, 

 1945, 18; Kurlovia (Ehrlichia) ori/m Zhdanov, 

 Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, 

 Izd. Akad. Med. Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 

 1953, 57 and 169.) 



o . vi'na. L. adj . ovinus pertaining to sheep. 



The organisms occur in plaques or colo- 

 nies, 2 to 8 microns in diameter, in the cyto- 

 plasm of monocytes of infected sheep. Stain 

 a deep reddish with Giesma's stain. 



Cultivation: Not reported. 



Serology: Not reported. 



Immunology: Not reported. 



Pathogenicity: Causes mild infections 

 with low mortality in sheep in Algeria and 

 Turkey; transmissible by blood subinocula- 

 tion. 



Source: Observed by Lestoquard and 

 Donatien (op. cii., 1936, 108) in the circulat- 

 ing monocj^tes of sheep infected by injection 

 of ticks. 



Habitat: Found in the tick Rhipicephalus 

 bursa, though feeding experiments have not 

 been reported. The etiological agent of a 

 rickettsiosis-like disease of sheep in the 

 Mediterranean Basin. 



Genus IV. Cowdria Moshkovskiy, (1945) 1947. 



(Subgenus Cowdria Moshkovskiy, Uspekhi Souremennoi Biol., 19, 1945, 18; Cowdria 



Moskovskiy, Science, 106, 1947, 62 (incorrectly attributed to Bengston, in Manual, 



6th ed., 1948, 1094); not Coivdryia Macchiavello, Prim. Reunion Intramer. 



del Tifo, Mexico, 1947, 417; Nicollea Macchiavello, ibid., 415; Kurlovia 



Zhdanov, Opredelitel Virusov Celovska i Zivotmych, Izd. Akad. Med. 



Nauk, U.S.S.R., Moskau, 1953, 166; see Philip, 



Canad. Jour. Microbiol., 2, 1956, 265.) 



Cow'dri.a. M.L. noun Cowdria named for E. V. Cowdry, who first described the organism 



in heartwater diseases of three ruminants: sheep, goats and cattle. 



Small, pleomorphic, spherical or ellipsoidal, occasionally rod-shaped organisms occurring 

 intracellularly in ticks and characteristically localized in clusters inside vacuoles in the 

 cytoplasm of vascular endothelial cells of host vertebrates. Gram-negative. Have not been 

 cultivated in cell-free media. Not transovarially transmitted in tick vectors. The etiological 

 agent of heartwater of cattle, sheep and goats. 

 The type species is Cowdria ruminantium (Cowdry) Moshkovskiy. 



