count 10,000 times that of the water in which it was growing. The blue- 

 green, algae growing in the thermal waters of the nuclear reactor effluents 

 of the Savannah River Plant were able to concentrate the mixed fission and 

 corrosion products by factors as great as 10,000 (Watts & Harvey, 1963) 

 Donaldson, e_t a_l in 1956 reported that the plankton from the Bikini test 

 site gave 71,000 counts/g/min which was 7100 times the average surface 

 value of the sea water. A number of investigations were conducted in 

 connection with an underwater test of a nuclear device in the high seas 

 southwest of California. In one of these studies by Thomas, Lear and 

 Haxo laboratory cultures of marine dinof lagellate , Gonyaulax polyedra 

 were placed in sea water obtained from the test site. The organisms 

 were able to concentrate the activity up to 5000 times that found in 

 the sea water. In another study Lear and Oppenheimer showed that Serratia 

 marinorubra cells were grown in the presence of Sr-Y"^ they concentrated 

 the activity from 6000 to 25,000 times. Ninety-five percent of this 

 activity was due to Y°0 and 4% was due to Sr"". 



Extensive uptake studies have been carried out by the Fishery 

 Radiobiological Laboratory of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service 

 by the Hawaii Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, and by IAEA 

 Laboratory of Marine Radioactivity, Monaco. Rice reported in 1956 the 

 differential uptake of radioactive Sr90 and Y90 by planktonic algae. 

 He found that Carteria sp . accumulated Sr89 and 90, while Gyrodinium 

 removed Y90 from solution. Nitzschia closterium concentrated Sr90 17 

 times over normal sea water. Chipman e_t a^,. , (1958) reported that Nitzschia 

 cells took up large quantities of Zince-65 and Ruthenium- 106, but only 

 a limited amount of cesium- 137 concentration occurred. Nine marine algae 

 were used and the highest, concentration factor for cesium was 3.1 



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