INDEX 



Acknowledgments, 1, 188 



Base exchange capacity, 64 



chief replaceable base of soils, 64 



determination, 64 

 Bottom fauna and calcium carbonate, 



relation between, 121 

 Bureau of Soils' method of analysis, 78 



figure 31, 148 



histograms, 78 



Calcium carbonate 



content of samples, 43 

 determination, 43 

 high content, 101 

 low content, 103 

 distribution in area investigated by 

 Carnegie . 99-126 

 observed relations, 99-121 

 areal distribution, 99-103 



chart 10, 166-167 

 comparison of Atlantic and Pa- 

 cific, 120 

 irregularity of depth relation, 



121 

 relation between bottom fauna 



and, 121 

 relations between depth, latitude, 

 and, 103 

 table 36, 104-115 

 summary of facts of distribution, 



122 

 theoretical considerations, 122 

 cycle, 122 

 precipitation in surface waters, 



123 

 solution at depth, 123 



influence of currents, 124 

 undersaturation, 124 

 solution after deposition, 124 

 influence of currents, 124 

 recrystallization and repre- 

 cipitation, 125 

 summary of theoretical consid- 

 erations, 125 

 theoretical explanation of 



observed facts of distri- 

 bution, 125 

 Chemical analyses, 56-70 

 base exchange capacity, 64 

 colloidal fractions, analyses, 62 

 manganese, distribution, 65 



chart 6, 162 

 molecular ratios, 57 

 classification, 57 

 nitrogen and organic matter, 64 



distribution (chart 3), 159 

 pelagic foraminifera, analyses, 66 

 phosphate, distribution, 65 



chart 7, 163 

 procedure, 56 

 radioactive material, content, 65 



distribution (chart 5), 161 

 spectrographic analyses, 66 

 table 17, 67 

 charts 8 and 9, 164, 165 

 zirconium oxide, amount and distribu- 

 tion, 65 

 chart 4, 160 



Colloidal, fractions 

 analyses, 62 

 chemical composition, 127 



Color, 43-45 



darkness and intensity, 45 

 method of determination, 44 

 standards and nomenclature, 43 

 water content, effect of, 44 



Currents, influence on solution of cal- 

 cium carbonate, 124 



Deep-sea sediments, classification 

 difficulties, 14 



physical characters and composition, 

 5 

 chemical composition, 6 

 color, 5 



division of sea floor, 6 

 physical composition, 6 

 previous classification, 7 

 texture, 6 

 principles, 5 



proposed classification, 16 

 suggested modifications, 15 

 summary, 15 

 Deep-sea clays, chemical composition, 



127 

 Deep-sea marine deposits (see marine 



deposits) 

 Deposit types, distribution, 42-43 

 charts 1 and 2, 157, 158 



Grain densities, 70 

 determination, 70 



Investigations, review, 2-5 



first attempted deep-sea sounding in 

 Pacific, 2 



Manganese, distribution, 65 



chart 6, 162 

 Marine deposits, types of deep-sea, 8 



criteria for recognition of deposits, 

 13 

 Mechanical analyses, 72-80 



Bureau of Soils' method, 78 



pipette analyses, 72 

 Molecular ratios, 57 



classification, 57 



Nitrogen and organic matter, 64 

 distribution (chart 3), 159 

 ratios, 64 

 Noncalcareous material in Pacific deep- 

 sea clays, nature of fine-grained, 

 127-128 

 chemical composition 

 deep-sea clays, 127 

 colloidal fractions, 127 

 distribution of particle sizes, 127 

 X-ray powder diagrams, 127 



Organic constituents of samples, 46-55 

 bryozoa, 47 

 echinoids, 47 

 foraminifera, 46 



identification, 46 



recrystallization, 47 



species identified (table 5), 48-55 



195 



Organic constituents of samples, 



moUusca, 47 



ostracods, 47 

 table 7, 55 



plant remains, 46 



radiolaria, 47 



sponges, 47 

 table 6, 54 



vertebrate remains, 47 

 Organic matter and nitrogen, 64 



distribution (chart 3), 159 



ratios, 64 



Pelagic deposits, 7, 15 

 classification, 16 



criteria for distinguishing from ter- 

 rigenous deposits, 14 

 description of samples, 17-55 

 inorganic constituents, 42 

 Pelagic foraminifera, analyses, 66 

 Physical characteristics, 45 

 consistency, 45 

 structure, 45 

 texture, 45 



determination, 45 

 Phosphate, distribution, 65 



chart 7, 163 

 Pipette analyses, 72 

 accuracy, 74 



sources of error, 75 

 method, 72 



presentation of results, 73 

 figures 13-27, 140-147 

 tables 23 and 24, 74 

 results, 77 

 Stokes' law, 73 



Radioactive material, 65 

 distribution (chart 5), 161 

 theories about accumulation, 65 

 Radium content of ocean bottom sedi- 

 ments, 185-188 

 content of sea water, 187 

 determinations, 185 



figure 1, 191 

 distribution, 187 

 geophysical significance, 185 

 previous investigations, 185 

 summary, 188 

 Recrystallization, Influence on calcium 



carbonate, 125 

 Reprecipitation, influence on calcium 

 carbonate, 125 



Samples, description, 17-55 



calcium carbonate content, 43 



color, 43-45 



distribution of deposit types, 42-43 

 charts 1 and 2, 157, 158 



organic constituents, 46-55 



physical characteristics, 45 

 U.S.B.S., 45 



table 1, 18-41 

 Scope of report, 1 

 Spectrographic analyses, 66 



charts 8 and 9, 164, 165 



table 17, 67 

 Stokes' law, 73 



