THE CARNEGIE PERSONNEL, EQUIPMENT, AND WORK 



67 



satisfactory. The anchor lines are of hemp and conse- 

 quently are easily cut by rocks or coral. For power, a 

 fisherman's windlass is used and the labor involved in 

 raising the anchor is so great that anchoring is avoided 

 except when absolutely necessary. A small engine and 

 anchor chains could well be substituted for the present 

 equipment. 



The Radio Equipment. --This consists of a long- 

 wave receiver, which is used mainly for receiving time 

 signals, and a short-wave transmitter and receiver. 

 The latter equipment is used for communicating with 

 short wave (amateur) stations on shore. Through such 

 stations messages are sent and received. 



It is obvious that the above equipment has various 

 disadvantages. The Carnegie cannot communicate with 

 commercial stations or ships, since these use a wave 

 length of 600 meters. Consequently it a distress signal 

 is to be sent, it is first necessary to make contact with 

 an amateur station on shore. This is often difficult 

 since amateur stations ordinarily operate only at night. 

 If an amateur station is found, its operator must be 



asked to telephone the message to a commercial or navy 

 station who, in turn, broadcasts the distress signal to 

 ships at sea. Such a system is, of course, exceedingly 

 uncertain, first because of the difficulty of being heard 

 and second, because relayed information is likely to be 

 inaccurate. 



To correct the deficiency, however, introduces other 

 difficulties. The cost of a standard wave-length trans- 

 mitter is not considerable but an R.C.A. operator would 

 be required. Such an operator probably would not assist 

 with the scieintific work. Also, it would be necessary to 

 pay for messages forwarded by commercial stations. 

 The short wave equipment also could be used, of course, 

 but it is doubtful if the R.C.A. operator would be permit- 

 ted to send messages over it. 



The Sonic Depth Finder. - -On the Coast and Geodetic 

 Survey ships the sonic depth finder has been replaced by 

 the Fathometer. The latter is much more convenient to 

 operate and can be used in much shoaler water (about 

 fifteen fathoms). Although the sonic depth finder is sat- 

 isfactory, a Fathometer is the preferable device. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Van Slyke, D. D. and J. M. Neill. 1924. The determi- 

 nation of gases in blood and other solutions by vac- 



uum extraction and manometric measurements. 

 I Jour. Biol. Chem., vol. 61, pp. 523-573. 



