6o Observations on Cynipidae, 



Experimental breeding. As Andricus ramuli galls 

 occur here very seldom I have only once been able to 

 make observations on the propagation of the flies. On 

 July 9, 1878, I found several of these flies pricking 

 axillary buds. I marked six of such buds with threads 

 and from two of them in the beginning of October galls 

 of Aphilotrix autumnalis developed. 



[The woolly or cotton gall is found In May and June on Quercus 

 pedunculata, Q. sessiliflora, and Q. pnhesceiis. 



Inquilines. Synergtis facialis, S. radiains, Ceroptres arator, and 

 Didyoptcryx Loeflingiana. 



Parasites. Olinx gallarum in June, O. debilis, Toryniiis auratus, 

 Decatonia Neesi, Eiirytoma semirufa, Pterotnalns Ratzeburgi, Anthomyia 

 (Homalomyici) canicularis.'\ 



III. Dryophanta Group ^ 

 14. Dryophanta scutellaris. Htg.^ 



Gall. This gall is globular and is always found on 

 the under surface of the leaf It varies greatly in size 

 and may attain to 2 cm. in diameter. The gall always 

 springs from the veins of the leaf and more frequently 

 from the midrib than from the lateral veins ; but it is 

 only connected with the vein by one point, so that on 

 looking down upon the upper surface of the leaf its 

 presence cannot be recognized. The gall is of a white 

 or yellow colour, the side exposed to the sun being of 

 a beautiful red. It appears in the beginning of July, 

 and matures in October. (Fig. 14.) 



The fly is easy to rear from the gall, but reports as to 

 the time when it emerges differ. According to some 



[^ Dryophanta, Foerster. Liodora, Foerster. 



2 Cynips QuercHsfoIii, Lin. Diplolepis scutellaris, Oliv. Cynipsfolii, 

 Hartig. Cynips scutellaris, Schenck.] 



