CONTENTS 

 PART I. 



INTRODLXTORY. 

 CHAPTER I. 



THE EXPLORATION OF THE SEA. 



Methods of oceanographical investigation — The Challenger — Later Ex- 

 peditions — Oceanographical apparatus — Sounding machines — Water-sample 

 bottles and thermometers — Salinity and density of sea water — The Inter- 

 national Fishery Investigations — Biological investigations— Dredging and 

 trawling — Beam trawl and otter trawl— Deep sea dredging and trawling— 

 Other fishing apparatus— Pelagic fishing apparatus— Tow-nets and similar 

 apparatus Page 1 



CHAPTER II. 



THE OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE NORTH-WESTERN OCEAN. 



The British Islands and the continental shelf— The Greenland-Shetland 

 elevation— Norwegian and Atlantic basins— The fore-shore — Sea-bottom 

 deposits— Terrigenous deposits— Pteropod Ooze— Globigerina Ooze— Radio- 

 larian Ooze— Diatom Ooze— Red clay— Temperature of the sea— Colour and 

 transparency of the sea— The water circulation in the North Atlantic and 

 Polar seas— The Gulf Stream and its ofishoots— The European Stream— The 

 Wyville-Thompson barrier— The Norwegian branch of the European Stream- 

 Perturbations and periodic variations of the European Stream— Climate and 

 hydrography 2" 



