328 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS 



Sewage (cont.) 

 putrefaction of, 278 

 organisms concerned in putrefaction 

 of, 278 

 Shell-fish, bacteria in, 257 

 Shell-fisheries, 116 

 Shrimp fisheries, 176 

 " Siboga " Expedition, 22 

 Silica 



and law of minimum, 236 

 diatoms, and, 236 

 estimation of, in sea, 218 

 in North Sea, 218 

 in sea, 212, 217 

 Siliceous deposits, 35, 292 

 Siliceous skeletons, 212, 302 

 >S/ra-plankton, 151, etc. 

 Skagerak, herring in, 246 

 Skeletons of organisms, 213, 302 

 calcareous, 213, 302 

 siliceous, 213, 302 

 Smacks, 106 

 Smacksmen, 112 

 Sodium in blood, 301 

 drainage to sea, 315 

 in sea, 315 

 increasing in sea, 301 

 removed from sea, 292, 313 

 Sole, 248 



and temperature of sea, 241 

 Sondeur a clef, 5 

 Sounding leads, 5 



machines, 3 

 South-fishes, 248 

 Spawning habits, 243 



places, 169 

 Spirallae, 255 

 in sea, 258 

 Spirochaetes, 255 

 Spitzbergen, vegetation of, 201 



marine life near, 202 

 Sponges, metabolism of, 232 

 water filtered by, 231 

 skeletons of, 35, 213 

 Stake-nets, 25, 111 

 Staphylococci, 254 

 Statistics, fishery, 289 

 Stempel-pipette, 133 

 Stickleback, 93 

 Streptococci, 254 



in sea, 257 

 Styli--plsinktou, 151 

 Suberites, food of, 231 

 metabolism and light, 250 

 respiration of, 232 

 Summer fishes, 248 

 Sunlight and metabolism, 248 

 Symbiosis, 226 

 Syracuse, plankton of, 165, 210 



Taffeta silk, 139 



Temperature of land, annual range, 



205 

 Temperature of Sea 

 annual range of, 205 

 Atlantic, 37, 38 

 Irish Sea, 38 

 North Sea, 38 

 Antarctic, in, 41 

 currents, 147 

 diurnal variations of, 147 

 equatorial stream, in, 37 

 metabolism, and, 241 

 North Atlantic, in, 37, 39 

 Norwegian Sea, in, 40 

 Terrigenous deposits, 33, 304 



area of, 304 

 Thermal barriers, 38, 46 

 Thermometers, insulating, 11 

 Negretti and Zambra, 8 

 reversing, 8, 11 

 Eichter's reversing, 8 

 Siemen's electrical, 10 

 slow reaction, 10 

 Tidal streams, and plankton, 143 

 Tierra del Fuego, marine life off, 202 

 Tow-net, surface, 26 

 Trammel-net, 25, 111 

 Transparency of sea, and plankton, 



205 

 Trawl 



Agassiz, 23 

 beam, 17 



Heligoland young fish, 27 

 otter, 18, 28 

 shrimp, 18 

 use of, 18 

 Trawlers 



cart-shanking, 107 

 deep-sea, 22 

 in Iceland seas, 107 

 in North Sea, 107 

 sailing, 106 

 steam, 105 

 Trawling, method of, 21 

 North Sea, 107 

 second-class, 106 

 shrimp, 108 

 T/-/c/?o-plankton, 151 

 Trichodesmium, 80, 153 

 Tridacna, 241 

 Trilobites, 87 

 Tripos -plankton, 151 

 Tropics, marine life of, 201 



vegetation of, 201 

 Turbot, 248 



212 



Ultimate food-stuffs, 

 Ulva latissima, 284 

 Unicellular algae, 77 

 Uniformity of plankton, 143 



