].—THE SEA FISHERIES OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 
PREPARED FOR THE CONSIDERATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMIS- 
SION HELD AT HALIFAX IN 1877.* 

















By SPENCER F, BarrD. 
ANALYSIS. t 
: Page. 
RNB ECERLIT GUC YIRV ie Poe Safa ees eS eae aes Ge crete ole a cy g's eistarmala sata cteisnteus aelen ta ae apa 13 
. Pee PO MMIAIMOTAGLONG: goss Shenae saved ecloesclsmade saoees aweeoee ae 17 
MeAIB UANOLIES INOXNAUADIDIC .|. . 55... sass oo5 Ste seed osw dae eeieeel dane a 
Advantages and evils of the sea fisheries........-..........-.--2------- 19 
Statistics of certain fisheries....... PARR EE S/SMe SE Sts trae aco 20 
MiEePENess OF MMMOrMAbION S220 c J lesso yok Sed ele eee eee 21 
IMPLOVeEMenCSun Phe DUSiNess! =. 95 .se~ nae ot sas coe sea cece eee 23 
J.—NATURAL HISTORY. 
* Fishes considered separately or as species. 
General considerations in regard to species of food fishes ...--.......--...-. 24 
A. Systematic lists of principal food and bait fishes and invertebrates of the 
2 eastern coast ofthe United States... 22. 22622 22-26 coe noha a ee 25 
1. List of principal food and bait fishes. -..........2.2..2222.-220eeeeee 25 
2. List of invertebrates actually used for food and bait on a large scale... 3l 
3. List of invertebrates capahle of being used for food and bait........ 32 
4, List of marine animals actually found in the stomachs of various 
epee ce te tad Sas Ree th Bl SNe ee ey ee 34 
List of mollusks, &c., from stomachs of codfish...........2...22..---- 36 
List of mollusks, &c., from stomachs of haddock............-...-2.- 38 
B. Biographical notices of the most important species.......2.. 2-222. .2.28. 45 
** Fishes considered collectively or by groups. 
eicolationahips and surroundings. -.. ..- 22-2225 ene oe. ced ace te ceueed cies 46 
Cay Cr lennshate Hal. $7 00 bs dec). adhe udeat ode gesserveule cate 46 
Pa ANeene Gre RH Ad oa dee 25. uy siya, Marae eee! RR 46 
CO) TREAT OR TG) re ae eve ee rl ae en ee a ee ee 47 
CUD SLUTS ESS 0 SRS) oe ae a ge ag eMOR WATER Sa ps 47 
a 
* This paper was mostly written in 1877 and 1878, but its publication was deferred 
by the author, in the hope of being able to prepare additional material, which seemed 
essential to its completeness. The opportunity for this, however, never occurred, and 
his subsequent i.lness, while the paper was going through the press, prevented him 
from ever examining the proofs. The accounts of the fishing-grounds and the fishery 
Marine are additions to the original manuscript, the former being an abstract of a re- 
port by J. W. Collins and Richard Rathbun, published in Section III of the Fisheries 
and Fishery Industries of the United States, Washington, 1887; and the latter having 
been taken from unpublished manuscript prepared by J. W. Collins. 
t This analysis is somewhat fuller than the paper itself, the additional items repre- 
‘senting points upon which information was considered desirable, but which time did 
1 ot permit the author to obtain.—Epriror. 
