240 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [16] 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF HIPPOGLOSSOIDES. 
a. Teeth small, unequal,the anterior largest; gill-rakers short, X-+-10 in number; max- 
illary 2} in head; eye 5} in head; interorbital space with an obtuse, prominent 
ridge, with usually about six series of scales; head, 3%; depth, 24; D. 88 (80 to 
93); A. 70 (64 to 75); Lat. 1. 90; vertebrae 13-4-32=45; color nearly plain brown. 
PLATESSOIDES, 6. 
aa. Teeth small, subequal; gill-rakers slender, X-+16; maxillary 2} in head; eye 
large, 4 in head ; interorbital space a narrow, knife-like ridge with usually a single 
series of scales; head, 34; depth, 24; D. 80 (77 to 84); A. 61 (59 to 64) ; Lat. 1. 100; 
color brown, sometimes mottled wigh darker..............---..-.. ELASSODON, 7. 
6. HIPPOGLOSSOIDES PLATESSOIDES,. 
(THE SAND DaB.) 
[Plate IV.] 
Pleuronectes linguatula Miiller, Zool. Dan. Prodromus, 45, 1776 (not of Linnzus). 
Pleuronectes platessoides Fabricius, Fauna Greenlandica, 1780, 164 (Greenland), and of 
numerous copyists. 
Citharus platessoides Reinhardt, Kong]. Dansk. Vid. Selsk, 116, 1838. 
Drepanopsetta platessoides Gill, Cat. Fish. East Coast N. Am., 1861, 50 (name only). 
Hippoglossoides platessoides Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 217. Collett, 
Norske Nord-Havs. Exped., 1880, 144 (Norway te Spitzbergen). Goode, Proc. 
U.S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 471. Jordan and Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1882, 826. 
Stearns, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., 1883, 125 (Labrador). Goode, Nat. Hist. 
Aquatic Anim., 1884, 197, pl. 55 (Wood’s Holl and northward), and of recent 
American writers generally. 
Pleuronectes limandoides Bloch, Ausl. Fische, iii., 24 tab. 186, 1787 (Europe), and of 
various copyisis. 1 
Hippoglossoides limandoides Giinther, Cat. Fish., iv, 405, 1862. Day, Fishes Great 
Britain and Ireland, vol. ii, p. 9, pl. xev. 
Hippoglossoides limanda Gottsche, Wiegm. Archiv, 1835, 168 (not Pl. limanda L.). 
Pleuronectes limandanus Parnell, Edinburgh New Phil. Journ., 1835, 210. 
Platessa dentata Storer, Fish. Mass., 143, 1839. (Boston and Provineetown; not Pl. 
dentatus Linnzeus.) DeKay, N. Y. Fauna, Fish, p. 298, 1842. Storer, Syn. 
Fish. N. A., 1846, p. 476. 
Hippoglossoides dentatus Giinther, Cat. Fish., iv., 406, 1862. Giinther, Voy. Challenger, 
Fishes, 1880, 3. (Station 49, south of Halifax.) * 
Pomatopsetta dentata Gill, Proc.’Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 217. 
Habitat.—North Atlantic, south to Cape Cod, and the coasts of Eng- 
land and Scandinavias 
The identity of the American and European representatives of this 
species (platessoides and limandoides) is now conceded by all writers. A 
little difference is recognized between Arcticand subarctic examples, the 
former having a somewhat greater number of fin-rays. 
Thus, Greenland specimens, according to Collett, have D. 88, A. 69, 
specimens from Iinmark have D, 92, A. 72; these representing the var. 
platessoides. Specimens from England (var. limandoides) have D. 80, 
A. 66, while those from intermediate localities present in general fin for- 
mul likewise intermediate, showing that no sharp division is possible. 
’ This is a rather common food-fish of the deeper waters northward, 
on both sides of the ocean. 
‘ 
