[25] FLOUNDERS AND SOLES. 249 
20. PARALICHTHYS OBLONGUS. 
(THE FouR-SPOTTED FLOUNDER.) 
[ Plate VIII. ] 
Pleuronectes oblongus Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc., 1, 391, 1815 (New York). 
Chenopsetta oblonga Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 218. 
Paralichthys oblongus Goode, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1880, p. 472 (Southern New 
England). Jordan and Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1882, p. 824 (specimens 
from Wood’s Holl, Mass.). 
Platessa quadrocellata Storer, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 1847, p. 242. Storer, Hist. 
Fish. Mass., p. 397, pl. 31, fig. 3 (Provincetown). 
Habitat.—Coasts of New England and New York. 
This species is rather common on the coast of Cape Cod and the 
neighboring islands, but it has been rarely noticed elsewhere. The 
limits of its range are not yet definitely known. 
It is a very strongly marked species. Its translucency of coloration’ 
indicates that it lives in deeper water than the other species of the genus. 
Genus XI.—ANCYLOPSETTA. 
Ancylopsetta Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1864, 224 (quadrocellata). 
Notosema Goode & Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XIX, 193, 1883 (dilecta). 
TYPE: Ancylopsetta quadrocellata Gill. 
This genus is also very close to Paralichthys, differing in the subses- 
sile caudal fin, the short gill-rakers, the rough scales, and in the pro- 
longation of the anterior rays of the dorsal fin. These characters are 
found in quadrocellata as well as in dilecta, the distinctions of the sup- 
posed genus, Notosema, being chiefly of degree. Besides the two spe- 
cies here mentioned, a third as yet undescribed, the types having been 
accidentally destroyed, was obtained by Professor Gilbert at Panama. 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF ANCYLOPSETTA. 
a. Anterior (produced) rays of dorsal shorter than head; pectoral of eyed side about 
two-thirds length of head. Body oval, very deep. Depth of caudal peduncle half 
length of head; head 4 in length; depth, 13. Gill-rakers very short, 2-+-6 or 7. 
Mouth small; maxillary reaching middle of eye, 24 to 2? in head; teeth small, 
the canines scarcely differentiated ; eyes moderate, separated by a very narrow, 
sharp, scaly ridge; scales of both sides ctenoid; ventral of eyed side produced, 
about half as long as head; no anal spine; color dark olive, with four large ob- 
long ocellated blackish spots, the first above the arch of the lateral line, the three 
posterior forming an isosceles triangle, the hindmost being on the lateral line. D. 
70; A. 55; Lat. 1. 85-58 pores in straight part; vertebra, 9-4 26 =35. 
QUADROCELLATA, 21. 
aa. [Anterior (produced) rays of dorsal longer than the head, the longest half depth 
of body, pectoral of eyed side nearly as long as head; body elliptical; head 34 
in length, depth 2; gill-rakers subtriangular, moderately numerous ; mouth moder- 
ate, the maxillary 24 in head; teeth unequal, those in front much largest; eyes 
large, 3 in head, the interorbital space very narrow; scales highly ctenoil; ven- 
tral of eyed side produced, more than three times length of right ventral; color 
dark brown, speckled with darker, three large subcircular ocellated spots nearly as 
