254 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [30] 
Pleuronectes citharus Spinola, ‘‘ Ann. Mus., x, 166,” 1807. 
Pleuronectes macrolepidotus Delaroche, ‘‘ Aun. Mus., xiii, 853,” 1809 (and of ether Euro- 
pean writers, probably not of Bloch). 
Solea limanda Rafinesque, Indice, 1810, 14 (after Linnieus). 
Solea cithara Rafinesque, Indice, 1810, 52 (based on Citharus of Rondelet). 
Pleuronectes solea var. pataracchia, “ Naccari, Ichth. Adriat., 11.” 
Habitat.—Mediterranean Sea. 
This species is known to us from specimens in the Museum of Com. 
parative Zoology, from Cette (Theodore Lyman), and from Cadiz (Dr. 
Steindachner). It does not seem to be very common anywhere. 
Genus X VI.—PLEURONECTES. 
Pleuronectes Artedi, Genera Piscium, 1738 (includes all flounders). 
Rhombus Klein, Pisc. Missus, IV, 34, 1740 (rhombus ; pre-Linnzan). 
Pleuronectes (Artedi) Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 1758, 271 (includes all flounders 
then known). 
Rhombus (Klein) Walbaum, Artedi Piscium, 1792 (rhombus; non-binomial), 
Bothus Rafinesque, Caratteri di Aleuni Nuovi Generi, etc., 1810, 23 (rumola=rhom- 
bus), ete. 
Scophthalmus Rafinesque, Indice di Ittiologia Siciliana, 1810,53 (rhombus ; maximus). 
Rhombus Cuvier, Rtgne Animal, 1817, and of most writers (not of Lacépéde) (first 
subdivision of Pleuronectes). 
Pleuronectes Fleming, British Animals, 1828, 196 (first restriction of Pleuronectes, in 
which the name Pleuronectes is retained; maximus). 
Psetta Swainson, Nat. Hist. Classif. Anim., ii, 302, 1839 (maximus) (not Psettus 
Cuvier). 
Pleuronectes DeKay, New York Fauna, Fishes, 1842, 301 (maximus). 
Psetta Bonaparte, Catologo Metodico dei Pesci Europei, 1846, 49 (rhombus ; maximus). 
' Passer Valenciennes, Voyage de la Venus, 1855, 341 (substitute for Rhombus, preoc- 
cupied; type ‘‘le turbot;” not Passer Brisson, a genus of birds). 
Lophopsetta Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 216 (maculatus). 
Bothus Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis Fish. N. A., 1882, 815, and in Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 
; 1882, 577 (rhombus). i 
Psetta Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 577 (maximus). 
Type: Pleuronectes maximus Linneus. 
We here include in the genus Pleuronectes three species, the Turbot, 
the Brill, and the ‘“ Window-Pane.” The Turbot and the Window- 
Pane are both evidently very closely related to the Brill, although in ~ 
size and appearance they are quite unlike each other. The Turbot 
differs strikingly from the other two in a single character, the reduced 
or rudimentary condition of the scales. This character, however, shows 
a considerable range of variation in the same species, some turbots 
being distinctly scaly and others wholly naked, and it is apparently a 
character which the species has acquired comparatively recently. We 
have therefore regarded it as of subgeneric value only. We, however, 
place the two scaly species in a distinct subgenus, Bothus, and in the 
view of a genus taken by many recent authors, Bothus and Pleuronectes 
should be regarded as sufficiently distinct. If the non-binomial names 
of Klein, as reprinted or revived by Walbaum in 1792, be admitted, 
