354 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [12] 
We have examined many specimens of this species from Callao, Peru, 
in the museum at Cambridge. There seems no room for doubt as to 
the identity of the nominal species analis, peruanus, and altipinnis. 
The species is about as near Cestreus as Isopisthus, and its existence 
renders the separation of Archoscion as a genus from the former a matter 
of questionable propriety. 
Genus IIT.—CESTREUS. 
Cestreus Gronow, Cat. Fish., ed. Gray, 49, 1854 (carolinensis = nebulosus). 
Cynoscion Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, 18 (regalis). 
Apseudobranchus Gill, loc. cit. (toeroe = acoupa). 
Atractoscion Gill, loc. cit. (wquidens). 
Otolithus species; Cuvier, Giinther, &c. 
TyPpE: Cestreus carolinensis Gronow = Otolithus nebulosus Cuvier. 
This genus is closely related to the old world genus Otolithus, from 
which it differs chiefly in the absence of canine teeth in the lower jaw. 
Nearly all the species referable to Cestreus are American. 
Cynoscion, notwithstanding the existence of a prior name Cestrwus 
We use the name Cestreus (xeorpevs) instead of the later name 
(xeotpaios), also applied to a genus of fishes (Mugilide). 
The reasons for regarding the two words as different have been 
already given in full by Dr. Jordan in a recent review of the Pleuronec- 
tide, and need not be repeated here. (See page 297 of this Report.) 
ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN SPECIES OF CESTREUS. 
a. Seales not very small, the lateral line having 55 to 75 pores, the number of trans- 
verse series ranging from 55 to 75, being 
not much in excess of the number of 
pores; head compressed, not truly con- 
ical; upper jaw with distinct canines, 
the band of teeth in the upper jaw rather 
narrow, the lower teeth small and in 
few series in front, larger and uniserial 
on the sides. 
b. Soft rays of the dorsal and anal more or less closely scaled; gill-rakers compara- 
tively long and slender, 9 to 12 on the 
lower part of the arch, the longest at 
least half the diameter of the eye.* 
ec. Soft dorsal of 19 to 23 rays. 
d. Candal fin rhombic, the middle rays considerably produced. 
e, Mouth large, extremely oblique, the maxillary reaching considerably be- 
yond eye, its length 2} in head; body 
robust, deeper, heavier, and with the 
back more elevated than in any other 
of our species ; anterior profile depressed 
above the eye, so that the snout projects ; 
snout short, not very acute, 4? in head ; 
head thicker than in other species, the 
interorbital space equal to length of 
SE ei a i A 
" Cestreus obliquatus, a species imperfectly known, belongs presumably to this group. 
