[67] REVIEW OF THE SCIMNID&. 409 
long as eye, 34 to 34 in head; mouth small, inferior, horizontal ; maxillary 3 in 
head, extending to below pupil; no teeth in lower jaw, in the adult ; upper jaw 
with a narrow series of minute teeth; gill-rakers short, slender, 8 + 22; lower 
pharyngeals small, with three series of molars posteriorly and many villiform ¢ 
teeth anteriorly; preopercle entire; preorbital broad, 14 in eye; third dorsal spine 
highest, 14 in head ; soft dorsal with the sheath at its base, formed by a single 
series of scales; caudal long and forked, as long as head; anal long and slightly 
falcate; second anal spine, 24 in the longest ray, 4in head; ventrals } shorter 
than pectorals which are as long as the head; scales smal!, strongly etenoid, 
extending on caudal and base of pectorals but not on other fins; lateral line little 
curved anteriorly ; scales below lateral line in oblique series. Color bluish above, 
silvery below; about 15 narrow dark wavy bands extending from the dorsal 
downward and forward to below lateral line ; a round black humeral spot rather 
smaller than eye; fins plain olivaceous, the caudal not yellow. D. X-I, 31; A. 
ii), scales 9-60 10 70-12: 222. ocean onan tone. wciaace ns ses - MANTHURUS, 715 
71. LEIOSTOMUS XANTHURUS. 
(THE SPOT; GOODY; PosT-CROAKER; OLDWIFE; LAFAYETTE.) 
[Plate VI. ] 
Leigstomus xanthurus Lacépéde, Hist. Nat, Poiss., iv, 439, plate 10, fig. 1, 1802 (Caro- 
lina). Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 142, 1830 (Martinique). DeKay, | 
New York Fauna, Fishes, 70, 1842 (New York). Storer, Syn. Fish. North Am., 
321, 1846 (copied). Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 63 (N.Y. to S.C.). 
Uhler & Lugger, Fishes of Maryland, 99, £876 (Lower Potomac, Chesapeake 
Bay, Sinepuxent Bay). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1878, 377 
(Beaufort). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 281 (Pensacola, Gal- 
veston). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 606 (Charleston). Jor- 
dan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. North Am., 574, 1883, Bean, Internat. Fishery Exhib. 
Berlin, 55, 1883 (Brazos Santiago, Tex.: Pensacola, Fla.). Jordan & Swain, 
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1884, 233 (Cedar Key, Florida). Jordan & Meek, Proc. 
U.S. Nat. Mus., 1884, 237 (St. John’s River, Florida). Goode, Hist. Aquat. 
Anim., 370, plate 124, 1884 (Newport, R.I., andsouthward). Jordan, Cat. Fish. 
North America, 94,1885 (name only). 
Homoprion xanthurus Holbrook, Ichthyol. 8S. Carolina, ed. 1, 170, 1856 (South Carolina). 
Girard, U.S.and Mex. Bound. Survey, 11, 1859 (Brazos Santiago, St. Joseph’s, 
Texas). 
Seiena xanthurus Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., ii, 288, 1860 (New York). 
Mugil obliquus Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc., New York, 405, 1815 (New York). 
Leiostomus obliquus DeKay, New York Fauna, Fishes, 69, plate 60, fig. 195, 1842 (New 
* York). Storer, Syn. Fish. North Am., 321, 1846 (copied). Holbrook, Ichthyol. 
S. Carolina, ed. 1, 164, plate 24, fig. 2, 1856 (South Carolina). Girard, U.S. and 
Mex. Bound. Survey, 11, 1859 (Brazos Santiago, Tex. ; Indianola). Gill, Proc. 
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 32 (north to Mass.). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. 
Nat. Mus., 1878, 377 (Beaufort). Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 93 (St. 
John’s River, Florida; Wood’s Holl). 
Sciena obliqua Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., ii, 288, 1660 (North America). 
Sciena multifasciata Lesueur, Journ, Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., ii, 225, 1821. 
Leiostomus humeralis Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 141, plate 110, 1830 (New York). 
Leiostomus philadelphicus Goode, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1879, 113 (St. John’s R.). Goode 
& Bean, 1. c., 1879, 131 (Pensacola) (not Perca philadelphica L.). 
Habitat.—South Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States; Cape 
Cod to Texas; Martinique (?). 
