[83] REVIEW OF THE SCIANID®. 425 
f. Dorsal rays X-I, 22; eye very large, 44 in head; snout projecting be- 
yond lower jaw for a distance about equal to half the diame- 
ter of the eye; mouth small, inferior, the maxillary reach- 
ing to below middle of eye, 3 in head; pectoral 14 in head, 
caudal fin f-shaped, the upper lobe pointed, the lower 
rounded. Color, silvery; fins blackish. Head 3}in length; 
, depth 4. D. X-I, 22; A. I, 8; scales 6-54-14 ....Nasus, 96. 
ff. Dorsal rays X-I, 19 or 20. 
g. Snout low and pointed, 3} in head, projecting much beyond the pre- 
maxillaries; eye rather large,54in head ; body long and low, 
with rather depressed profile, and low, sharp snout; maxil- 
lary extending beyond pupil, 3 in head ; preopercular serre 
somewhat bony, stiffer, and more distinct than in any other 
species, rather small and distant; gill-rakers minute, about 
half length of nostril; outer teeth of upper jaw much en- 
larged, as in M. alburnus; scales on breast large; dorsal 
spines high, the longest reaching beyond front of soft dorsal, 
14 in head ; pectoralsrather short, 14. Color, plain, dark gray 
above, paler below ; gill cavity dusky ; lower fins all dark. 
Head 31; depth 4. D. IX-I, 20; A. I, 9; scales 55 (pores). 
AGASSIZI, 97. 
gg. Snout rather short and blunt, 4 in head, projecting beyond premax- 
illaries for about half a diameter of the eye; eye small, 7 
in head ; maxillary reaching nearly to posterior margin of 
eye, 3in head; outer teeth of upper jaw much enlarged ; pec- 
toral long, 14 in head; ventral 2 in head; longest dorsal 
spine as long as pectoral, anal spine half as long as the rays; 
upper lobe of caudal not produced, Color, plumbeous, bright 
silvery below; lower fins mostly black. Head 3 in length; 
depth 4. D. X-I, 18 to 20; A. I, 9; scales 6-50-14. 
PANAMENSIS, 98. 
dd. Soft dorsal longer, its rays I, 23 to I, 25. 
h. Mouth comparatively large, the maxillary reaching to below middle 
of eye, 22 to 34 in head; teeth on lower pharyngeals acute ; 
back and sides usually with oblique dusky bars; lower lobe 
of caudal longest. 
4. Outer teeth of upper jaw decidedly enlarged; dorsal spines not 
much elevated, the longest usually not reaching front of soft 
dorsal, 14 to 13 in head. Coloration, grayish silvery, the 
dark markings not pronounced and often obsolete. 
j. Dorsal rays X-I, 22 or 23; snout rather shorter and less pointed 
than in M. americanus, 34 in head; mouth smaller, the max- 
illary 3 in head. Coloration usually plain, sometimes very 
dark, otherwise as in Menticirrhus americanus. Head 33; 
depth 44. D. X-I, 22 or 23 (rarely 24); A. I, 7; scales 55 
(BOP SLO eseol ee os aes ters beeaesas MARTINICENSIS, 99. 
jj. Dorsal rays X-I, 24 or 25; snout longer, 34 in head; maxillary 
reaching nearly to middle of eye, 24 to 3in head; eye small, 
2 in snout ; teeth villiform, in broad bands, the outer series of 
the upper jaw very much enlarged, larger than in the other 
species; ventrals short, 14 in pectorals; pectorals 1} in 
head; caudal f-shaped, the broad rounded lower lobe longer 
than the acute upper; scales all ctenoid, those of the breast 
larger and regularly placed Color, grayish silvery, with ob- 
scure darker clouds along the back and sides; these marks 
