432 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [90] 
102. MENTICIRRHUS UNDULATUS. 
(THE CALIFORNIA WHITING OR ‘ SUCKER.”) 
Umbrina undulata Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, 148 (San Diego, Cal.). 
Girard, U. 8. Pacif. R. R. Survey, 121, 1859 (San Diego, Cal.). 
Menticirrhus undulatus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1462, 17 (name only). Jor- 
dan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 450 (Santa Barbara, San Pedro, 
San Diego). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1881, 48 (Santa Bar- 
bara, southward). Jordan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. North Am., 578 and 933, 
1883. Rosa Smith, West American Scientist, 1885, 47 (San Diego). Jordan, 
Cat. Fish. North America, 94, 1885 (name only). 
Habitat.—Coast of Southern California, north to Santa Barbara. 
This species is rather common along the sandy coasts of Southern 
California, where it is a food-fish of moderate importance. Girard’s 
type of Umbrina undulata has been examined by us. It is a young ex- 
ample of this species. 
103. MENTICIRRHUS ELONGATUS. 
Umbrina elongata Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1864, 148 (Chiapam). Giinther, 
Fishes Central America, 387 and 425, plate 64, fig. 2, 1869 (Chiapam). Stein- 
dachner, Ichthyol. Beitr., iv, 9, 1875 (Panama north to ‘‘San Diego,” con- 
founded with M. undulatus). 
Menticirrhus elongatus Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., 1882, 107 (Mazatlan). 
Jordan, Cat. Fish. North America, 94, 1885 (name only). © 
Umbrula elongata Jordan & EKigenmann. 
Habitat.—Pacific coast of tropical America, Mazatlan to Panama. 
This species is rather common on the west coast of Mexico. Its rela- 
tions are evidently with M. littoralis, but in several respects it repre- 
sents a transition towards Menticirrhus undulatus, its nearest relative 
among the typical Menticirrhi. 
104. MENTICIRRHUS LITTORALIS. 
(THE SuRF WHITING; SILVER WHITING.) 
Umbrina littoralis Holbrook, Ichthyol. S. Carolina (first edition), 142, plate 20, fig 1, 
1856 (South Carolina). Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., ii, 276, 1860 (copied). 
Menticirrhus littoralis Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1878, 378 (Beaufort). 
Bean, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1880, 93 (Florida). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. 
U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 283 (Pensacola, Galveston). Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. 
U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 606 (Charleston). Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis Fish. ~ 
North Am., 933, 1883. Bean, Internat. Fishery Exhib., 56, 1883 (Matanzas 
River Inlet, Florida). Jordan, Cat. Fish. North America, 94, 1885 (name 
only). 
Umbrula littoralis Jordan & Eigenmann. 
Habitat.—South Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, 
North Carolina to Texas. 
This species is generally common in the surf along the sandy shores of 
the Southern States. It resembles M. americanus somewhat in external 
characters so that it has often been confounded with it by careless ob- 
servers. Its technical distinctions are, however, numerous, and in the 
