SEA ANEMONES 55 



All tentacles alike: simple, wartlike, or rudimentary. Crown diameter to 4 cm. General color greenish 

 brown to brown, area about mouth iridescent blue, oral disc often with white radial streaks (Fig. 4a). 



Actinodiscus neglectus (Fowler) 



Actiniaria 



Polyps flaccid or firm, with or without adhesive pedal disc, small to very large, short and broad to long and vermiform. 

 Column clean or covered with cuticle, smooth, with warts of one kind or another, or with inflatable outgrowths. Tentacles 

 cyclically or radially arranged, very long to very short, all alike or discals and marginals dissimilar; simple with swellings or 

 branched; pointed, blunt, or capitate. 



1. Tentacles branched, borne on long arm-like outgrowths of the oral disc. 2 

 Tentacles borne on the oral disc proper. 4 



2. Tentacles bilaterally arranged on sides of arms, tips conical. Crown diameter 30 cm. General color 



brown, oral disc with small white spots at base of arms (Fig. 2a). Megalactis hemphchii Ehrenberg 



Tentacles arranged more or less spirally all around amis. 3 



3. Tentacles about as broad as long, conical. Crown diameter and column length to 25 cm. General color 

 ochre to brown, proximal column with lilac to brownish spots, oral disc with radial rows of white 



spots (Fig. 3d). Actinodendron plumosurn Haddon 



Most of tentacles broader than long, blunt or capitate. Crown diameter and column length 20 cm. 



General color gray, no markings (Fig. 3f). Actinodendron glomeratum Haddon 



4. Oral disc bearing branched tentacles and nematospheres. 5 

 Oral disc bearing unbranched tentacles only. 6 



5. Tentacles very numerous, short. Nematospheres simple, club-shaped, occurring as a distinct, broad, 

 peripheral band. Crown diameter to 36 cm. Color of tentacles and nematospheres variable, char- 

 treuse, pink, gray, or brown (all may be present in one individual) (Fig. 2c). 



Cri/ptodendrum adhesivum Klunzinger 

 Tentacles numerous, short. Nematospheres globular, appearing like bunches of grapes among the 

 peripheral tentacles. Crown diameter to 20 cm. Tentacles green to greenish brown. Nematospheres 

 frequently violet (not illustrated). Heterodact^^la hemprichii Ehrenberg 



6. Tentacles radially arranged (more than one communicating with a single endocoel). 7 

 Tentacles cyclically arranged (never more than one tentacle communicating with a single endocoel). 12 



7. Tentacles of two distinct kinds, wart-like discals and normal-length marginals with prominent lateral 



projections (not illustrated). Phi^manthus strandesi Carlgren 



Tentacles not of two distinct kinds. 8 



8. Tentacles very short, blunt, covering the oral disc from near mouth to margin. Crown diameter 50 cm 

 (few 1 m). Oral disc and tentacles ochre to brown, sometimes tinged with pink (Fig. 2e). 



Stichodacfyla mertensii Brandt 

 Tentacles normal length to very long. 9 



9. Tentacles with adoro-lateral protuberances, usually only a few extra ones per endocoel. Crown diame- 

 ter to 25 cm. Tentacles brownish violet, protuberances white. Column with patches of bright orange or 



yellow (Fig 2f). Heteractis aurora (Quoy and Gaimard) 



Tentacles smooth. 10 



10. Column smooth or with few inconspicuous warts in upper part. 11 

 Column with numerous conspicuous warts. Tentacles, to 7.5 cm, pointed, flaccid, pale violet-gray, 



tipped with chartreuse (Fig. 2d). Heteractis macrodarty/um (Haddon and Shackleton) 



11. Tentacles, to 7 cm, blunt, many extra ones over older endocoels, greenish gray to greenish brown, 

 white tipped (irregular branching due to Chaetodon browsing). Crown diameter to 25 cm. Column 



medium brown (Fig. 2b). Heteractis ritteri (Kwietniewski) 



Tentacles, to 5 cm, blunt, sometimes with subterminal swellings, usually only a few extra ones over 



older endocoels, greenish brown, tips white or magenta. Crown diameter to 25 cm. Column length to 



30 cm, thin-walled, orange becoming pale violet gray near margin (Fig. 3c). Heteractis gelam (Haddon and Shackleton) 



