BRACHIOPODS 



79 



TABLE 2 

 Station Data for Enewetak Brachiopods Collected in 1969 and 1972 



Station' 



Locality 



Bottom 

 depth. 



Sample 

 deptti. 



Taxa 



No. of 

 specimens 



Grant's 1%9 Localities 



32007 



32008 



32009 



32010 



32010a 



32011 



32012 



32013 



32013a 



32014 



32015 



32016 



32017 



32018 

 32019 



32020 

 32021 



32022 



Enewetak Islet, ~1200 m off personnel pier 

 ~1500 m off personnel pier: low bioherms 

 Same bioherm as 32008 

 Jinimi Islet ~400 m east 

 Jinimi Islet, same area as 32010 

 Pinnacle, 11 km offshore bearing 320° 



from personnel pier 

 Jinedrol Islet, ~2000 m offshore, bearing 



285°, broken coral 

 Kidrenen Islet, ~1000 m offshore, bearing 



25°, low bioherms and dead coral 

 Kidrenen Islet, ~400 m offshore, 



shallow slope 

 Ikurin Islet, 1500 m, 10° off east end, 



dying bioherms 

 Pinnacle Qk FIR (map 6033) 6 km off 



personnel pier 

 Medren Islet, — 1000 m offshore, bearing 



270°, low bioherms 

 Medren Islet, higher pinnacles 



(same region as 32016) 

 Medren Islet pinnacles (same region as 32016) 

 Biken Islet, wall of channel just SW of islet 



Biken Islet, steep reef slope 

 Biken Islet, steep reef slope 



Biken Islet, steep reef slope 



18 

 21 

 21 

 14 

 21 



18 

 26 



18 



35 



21 



21 



21 

 9 



120 + 

 120 + 



120+ 



Medren Islet, —1000 m NW of islet, 



deep channel reef 

 Pole pinnacle, lagoonward extension of 



channel, 1 km offshore 

 Biken Islet, steep seaward slope 



Zumwalt's 1972 Localities 



20-40 



37 



120 + 



17 

 14 

 21 

 12 

 21 

 20 



17 



24 



5 



14 



30 



21 



12 



8 

 9 



14 

 23 



35 



20-30 

 37 



37 + 



F. sanguinolenta 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 F sanguinolenta 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 T. congregata 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 T. congregata 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 T. congregata 

 F. sanguinolenta 



T. congregata 



A. arguta 



F. sanguinolenta 



T. congregata 



T. congregata 



F. sanguinolenta 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 T. congregata 

 T. congregata 

 F. sanguinolenta 

 T. congregata 

 T. congregata 

 A. arguta 



T. congregata 

 T. congregata 

 T. congregata 



1 



1 



2 



3 



3 



1 



9 



29 



2 



11 



13 



1 



1 



19 

 3 



2 



1 



5 

 1 



60 

 1 

 1 



71 

 210 



13 



•Stations 32007 to 32018 are lagoon stations, stations 32019 to 32022 are seaward stations. 



tion of brachiopods is patchy, so it can be said that under 

 the best conditions of light and depth the local density of 

 brachiopods, especially T. congregata, can be very great. 



Brachiopods tend to associate with bryozoans, a combi- 

 nation that dates as far back as the Ordovician period. 

 The undersides of many coral fronds also contain encrust- 

 ing sponges along with the brachiofxxls, an association so 

 consistent that Jackson et al. (1971) refer to a 

 "brachiopod-coralline sp)onge community." They note that 

 true coral reefs of the modem type originated in the Juras- 

 sic fjcriod and that the light dependency of scleractinians 

 necessarily produces a foliaceous framework with 



numerous cavities, because light-dependent corals cannot 

 fill their own gaps. The association of Thecidellina and 

 Argyrotheca (plus various tereb'atulinids) dates at least as 

 far back as the Eocene in the Pacific area (Cooper, 1971), 

 indicating that the cryptic environment produced by the 

 foliaceous reef has been exploited for a long time. Surlyk 

 (1972, Fig. 12) cites a Cretaceous association of a the- 

 cidean and two species of Argi/rotheca but shows them 

 occupying exposed hardgrounds. 



Jackson et al. (1971) noted that the comjietition for 

 space on the undersides of corals is keen, an observation 

 that is confirmed at Enewetak. The shapes of the two 



