Chapter 12 



Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, and 

 Nematoda of Enewetak Atoll 



DENNIS M. DEVANEY (deceased) 



Bernice P. Bishop Museum 

 Honolulu. Hawaii 9681 7 



INTRODUCTION 



Except for some reports on parasitic nematodes and 

 platyhelminthes in oysters, fish, and porpoises, little has 

 been written about the platyhelminthes, nemertina, and 

 nematoda of Enewetak Atoll. Little has been done on free- 

 living nemertines or nematodes, although both groups 

 must be abundant. The checklist in Table 1 gives the taxo- 

 nomies of these species. 



TABLE 1 



Checklist of Platyhelminthes, 

 Nemertea, and Nematoda of Enewetak Atoll 



Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES 

 Class CESTODA 

 Subclass EUCESTODA 

 Order TETRAPHYLLIDEA 

 Family PHYLLOBOTHRIIDAE 

 Anthobothrium sp.: Alexander, 197L 

 Crossobothrium spp. (8): Alexander, 197L 

 Family ONCHOBOTHRIIDAE 

 Platybothrium spp. (3): Alexander, 197L 

 Phoreibothrium spp. (2); Alexander, 197L 

 Order TRYPANORHYNCHIDEA 



(8 undetermined spp ): Alexander, 197L 

 Order LECANICEPHALIDEA 

 Family DISCOCEPHALIDAE 



DiscuHceps spp. (2): Alexander, 197L 

 Family CEPHALOBOTHRIIDAE 

 Tiilocephalum sp.: Rifkin, 1970. 

 Class TREMETODA 

 Order DIGENEA 

 Suborder PROSTOMATA 

 Family FELLODISTOMIDAE 

 Paradiscogaster eniwetokensis Martin 



TABLE 1 (cont'd) 



Class TURBELLARIA 

 Order POLYCLADIDA 

 Suborder ACOTYLEA 

 Family LEPTOPLANIDAE 

 Stvlochoplana (?) minuta Hyman: Hyman, 1959. 

 Family PLANOCERIDAE 

 Paraplanocera fritilhta Hyman: Hyman, 1959. 

 Suborder COTYLEA 

 Family PROSTHIOSTOMIDAE 

 Prosthiostomum exiguum Hyman: Hyman, 1959. 

 Prosthiostomum griseum Hyman: Hyman. 1959. 

 Order RHABDOCOELA 



Undetermined fresh water form: Maguire, 1967. 



Phylum NEMERTEA 

 Class ANOPLA 



Order HETERONEMERTEA 



Baseodiscus delineatus (Delle Chiaje): Coe, 1947. 



Phylum NEMATODA 



Class SECERNENTEA (PHASMIDA) 

 Order SPIRURIDA 

 Family SPIRURIDAE 

 Protospirura muricola: Jackson and Bastian, 1975. 



PLATYHELMINTHES (Tapeworms, 

 Flukes, Flatworms) 



Bivalve mollusks were examined for the presence of 

 lecanicephaiid cestode larvae at Enewetak in June 1969. 

 Of 12 bivalve species examined, only an oyster (Margah- 

 tifera uulgaris) was found infected with an undetermined 

 species of Ti/locephalum together with another large larval 

 cestode (Rifkin, 1970). Sharks are the definitive hosts of 

 Ti/locephalum, and at least four shark species at Enewetak 

 were the reported hosts for over 20 other cestodes (Alex- 

 ander, 1971). Specimens of another cestode were 

 recovered from the feces of a large ray collected in the 

 Enewetak lagoon during July 1981. 



A collection of worm parasites from fishes, fish-eating 

 birds, and mammals was made in 1957 at Mid-Pacific 



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