ICHTHYOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS OF THE ALBATROSS. 407 



39. Hexagrammus superciliosus (Pallas). 



Taken in abundance with the seine at Unalaslia and at Makushin and Chernoffski 

 bays, Unalaska Island. Adults of the species were also dredged at depths of 4^ and 

 11^ fathoms in Bristol Bay (stations 3244 and 3245). 



We find the patch of palatine teeth to be an unreliable character, as five speci- 

 mens out of the nine examined do not exhibit it. The species is well distinguished 

 by the depth of the dorsal notch, the comparative smoothness of the scales, and the 

 large size of the supraocular flap. The upper line of pores extends well back under 

 base of soft dorsal, and the fourth line is unbrauched. The sides of head are scaled, 

 excepting the region over suborbital stay, the snout, and the interopercle. 



The normal tin formula seems to be : Dorsal xxi, 23 ; anal, 22. 



Family SCORPiENIDiE. 



40. Sebastodes introniger Gilbert. 



Several specimens were taken in Bering Sea to the north and west of Unalaska 

 Island, in depths of 85 to 350 fathoms (stations 3311, 3317, 3324, ana 3331). The 

 species evidently lives at much greater depths than does <S'. alutus. The cranial 

 ridges are well developed and terminate in strong spines. Coronal spines are usually 

 present, but may be absent on one or both sides. In both types of S. introniger, taken 

 at a depth of 266 fathoms in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, the coronal 

 spines are wanting, but as they agree with our specimens in all other important 

 details we make the identification without doubt. We append the following account, 

 drawn from Alaska specimens: 



Diagnosis: Scales large, ctenoid. Fins scaled. Cranial ridges and spines rather 

 low but strong; coronal and nuchal spines present. Mandibular symphysis promi- 

 nent, with small symphyseal knob. Peritoneum, mouth, and gill-cavity black or 

 dusky. Color red. 



Specific description: Head 2^; eye in head 4. Dorsal xiii-14. Anal iii-7 or 8. 

 Pectoral 18. Lateral line 36. Length 14 inches. Mouth large, the maxillary reach- 

 ing to middle or posterior third of eye, 2 in head, its greatest width one-third its 

 greatest length. Mandible protruding, entering profile in large specimens, less 

 prominent in the young. Symphyseal knob present, but not conspicuous. Teeth 

 on jaws, vomer, and palatines in narrow bands. Eye large, longer than snout, 

 3J^ in head. Interorbital space slightly concave, with two evident longitudinal 

 ridges. Cranial ridges sharp-edged and moderately elevated, the spines strong. 

 Nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, coronal, parietal, and nuchal 

 spines present; one or both coronal spines occasionally wanting. Preorbital of 

 moderate width, its anterior lobe sometimes ending in a spine, the posterior with 

 a sharp edge bearing one to four spinous points. Preopercular spines large, regularly 

 radiating, the two upper ones approximated and more slender, the others broadly 

 triangular, directed downward and backward. Two sjiines sometimes present at 

 angle of subopercle. Opercular spines sometimes double. Lower rim of orbit some- 

 times serrated. Gill-rakers long and slender, the longest one-third diameter of 

 eye; 22 or 23 on lower limb of outer arch. 



Spinous dorsal rather low, the twelfth spine one-half the height of the last, which 

 is one-third head; the longest spine 2| in head. Second anal spine stronger, but 

 scarcely longer than the third, 2^ in head. Pectoral without thickened lower rays, 

 reaching to vent, 4 J in body. Caudal emarginate. Scales large, ctenoid, about 30 

 tubes present in the lateral line. Small accessory scales numerous. All parts of the 

 head, including cheeks, maxillary, mandible, branch iostegal rays, snout, and inter- 

 orbital space covered with scales. Gular region scaled. All the fins invested to 

 their tips with fine scales. 



Color, uniform bright rod, duller than in S. miniatus. Smaller specimens reddish. 

 Traces of fine olive-green bars on back. Numerous dark spots along lateral line. A 

 dark blotch on opercle ; three bands on cheek, and a blotch in the axil of pectorals. 

 All the fins edged with black. 



