408 REPORT OP COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



41. Sebastodes elongatus (Ayres). 



A single specimen dredged off the coast of California, north of Point Reyes 

 (station 3350), at a depth of 75 fathoms. 



42. Sebastodes zacentrus (Gilbert). 



Several specimens were taken north of Point Reyes, on the coast of California, at 

 depths of 75 and 51 fathoms (stations 3350 and 3351). The second anal spine is always 

 very large, but frequently fails to reach tips of soft anal rays when depressed, thus 

 differing from the type specimens. The depth is also greater, 3 instead of 3^ in length. 



43. Sebastodes alutus (Gilbert). (Plate 22.) 



This species was described from a single immature specimen, dredged by the Alia- 

 tro88 south of Santa Cruz Island, Southern California. No additional material was 

 obtained during the extensive dredging operations of the Albatross on the California 

 coast. The species is, however, very abundant in the North Pacific, botli north and 

 south of the Aleutian Islands. It was taken at the following dredging stations, 

 located north of Unalaska Island, in the vicinity of Unimak Pass, in Bristol Bay, 

 and south of the Alaskan Peninsula, in depths of 38 to 350 fathoms : 3213, 3214, 3222, 

 3226, 3262, 3311, 3317, 3319, 3321, 3322, 3324, 3331, 3339, and 3341. A single individual 

 was also taken with hook and line in Unalaska Harbor. At one of the above 

 stations, 48 specimens were taken with the beam trawl. This additional material 

 shows that S. alutus is one of the bright-red rockfish, most closely allied perhaps to 

 S. miniatus. From the latter it differs conspicuously in the greatly produced man- 

 dibular symphysis, with the very pronounced symphyseal knob, as well as in other 

 respects. It is allied also to S. proriger, but differs, among other points, in having 

 both postocular and tympanic spines developed. From S. brevispinis Bean it differs 

 in its larger eye, larger scales, black peritoneum, and scaly fins. 



Following is a detailed description of adult specimens 12 to 18 inches long. In 

 the type, the head is said to be contained 3| times in the length. This is doubtless 

 a misprint for 2f . 



Diagnosis : Scales large, in about 60 oblique series above the lateral line. Soft fins 

 wholly enveloped in fine scales. Cranial ridges all low, the spines slender; coro- 

 nal and nuchal spines alone absent. Mandible projecting much beyond the upper 

 profile of head, the symphyseal knob very strongly developed in adult specimens; 

 not noticeably so in young. Gill-rakers long and numerous, half as long as eye. 

 Second and third anal spines about equal. General color red, the peritoneum black 

 or dusky, the mouth and gill-cavities dusky. 



Description: Head 2| to 2| in length; depth, 3 to 3^. Dorsal, xiii-15; anal, iii-S; 

 pectoral, 17. Mouth large, maxillary reaching back of pupil, 2^ to 2,1; in head. Pre- 

 maxillaries notched, the symphyseal patch of teetli, however, shutting outside them. 

 Teeth on Jaws, vomer, and palatines in very narrow bands except at symphysis and 

 on vomer. A conspicuous depression on each side of symphysis to receive the ante- 

 rior premaxillary patch. Eye very large, the diameter exceeding snout, 3| in head. 

 Interorbital space very wide, fiat or slightly convex, conspicuously grooved, its width 

 1|^ eye. Cranial ridges all very low, inconspicuous, with small spines or none. Nasal 

 and preocular spines evident, supraocular, postocular, and tympanic spines present 

 but hidden by scales; more conspicuous in the very young. Parietal ridges evident, 

 ending in low spines. Preorbital narrow, its least width one-seventh eye, its ante- 

 rior edge with two long mucous slits, and in some cases a single backwardly-directed 

 spine. Opercular and humeral spines well develojied. Preopercular spines fiat, not 

 very large, the upper two approximated, the lower two broadly triangular, tipped 

 with short spines, which are directed downward and backward. 



Dorsal spines curved, the longest 2^ to 2.f in head; the twelfth about two-thirds the 

 longest. Soft dorsal al)out <as high as the longest spines. Anal spines strong, the 

 second slightly shorter than third, which (-([uals or slightly exceeds diameter of eye. 

 In young specimens, the second anal spine is longer and constantly equals or exceeda 



