464 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



6. Raja rhiua Jordan & Gilbert. 



In two younj^ males, 151 and 225 mm. long, the spines are well developed and 

 exactly correspond. In each there are three spines on the orbital rim, one at the 

 upper and one at the lower anterior angle of the eye and one at its upper posterior 

 angle; a very large one on median line behind occiput, and a strong median series 

 on tail, beginning opposite posterior base of ventral fin. This is the invariable 

 arrangement in the young, but is modified later on by the disappearance of some of 

 the original spines and the development of others. Thus, in a specimen 450 mm. long 

 the lower preorbital spine has nearly disappeared, and the others are evident, but 

 accompanied by additional spines which have been interposed. As in younger speci- 

 mens, there is a single postoccipital spine and no mid-dorsal series, but some of the 

 original spines on middle of tail have apparently been lost and replaced by others, 

 as the lining and spacing is now irregular. The taxonomic value of these first spines 

 appears from the fact that they exactly correspond in the young of a number of 

 related species, and from the further fact that their rudiments are found occupying 

 definite positions during the later larval stages, some of which are described above 

 in the nearly related R. inornata. The same arrangement is found also in the young 

 of E. Unoculata. The first prickles to appear are those on under side of snout, where 

 they form a sparse band or a single definite series along the edge and an elongate 

 median patch in front. 



In two young males, 154 and 225 mm. long, the claspers measured from inner base 

 respectively 7 and 10 mm., in both cases overpassed by the ventrals. 



Stations 3147, 3163, 3193, 3197, and 3208, in 56 to 203 fathoms. 



7. Raja binoculata Girard. 



The young can be at once distinguished by the very conspicuous ocellatod spots. 

 In a specimen 190 mm. long the black center, the wide, yellowish ring, and the outer 

 black ring are very strongly marked. These spots are only faintly indicated in the 

 young of related species. The spines are, as usual at this stage, just appearing from 

 beneath the epidermis. Caudal spines 15 or 16 in number. 



Family ALEPOCEPHALID.5!. 



8. Alepocephalus tenebrosus Gilbert. 



One specimen each from stations 3104 and 3186, in 391 and 328 fathoms. Differing 

 from original description as follows : The distance of ventrals from head equals length 

 of head behind front of pupil. Interorbital space gently convex. Base of anal fin 

 slightly exceeding that of dorsal. 



Family CLUPEID.51. The Herrings. 



9. Clupanodon caeruleus (Girard). California Sardine. 

 Station 3167 ; depth 33 fathoms. 



10. Alosa sapidissima (Wilson). Common Shad. 



Three specimens of this introduced food-fish were taken in Drake Bay. Each is 

 about 150 mm. long. 



Family ENGRAULIDID-aEI. The Anchovies. 



11. Engraulis mordax Girard. California Anchovy. 

 Stations 3099, 3154, 3167, and 3182 ; depths 11 to 33 fathoms. 



F amil y MYCTOPHID.S3. The Lantern Fishes. 



12. Nannobrachium leucopsarum Eigenmann &. Eigenmann. 



Stations 3112, 3126, 3127, 3128, 3198, 3199, 3200, and 3201; depths 233 to 627 fathoms. 



