TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. 



Having been honoured by a request from Baron Nordenskiold 

 that I would undertake the translation of the work in which 

 he gives an account of the voyage by which the North-East 

 Passage was at last achieved, and Asia and Europe circum- 

 navigated for the first time, I have done my best to reproduce 

 in English the sense of the Swedish original as faithfully as 

 possible, and at the same time to preserve the style of the 

 author as far as the varying idioms of the two languages 

 permit. 



I have to thank two ladies for the help they kindly gave 

 me in reading proofs, and my friend Herr Gustaf LindstrOm, 

 for valuable assistance rendered in various ways. 



Where not otherwise indicated, temperature is stated in 

 degrees of the Centrigrade or Celsius thermometer. Longi- 

 tude is invariably reckoned from the meridian of Greenwich. 



Wliere distance is stated in miles without qualification, 

 the miles are Swedish (one of which is equal to Q'Q4! 

 English miles), except at page 282, where the geographical 

 square miles are German, each equal to sixteen English 

 geographical square miles. 



ALEX. LESLIE. 



Cherryvale, Aberdeen, 

 24th November, 1881. 



