3G 



THK VOYAGE OF THE VEGA. 



[chap. 



In former times, however, the outer archipelago itself was 

 covered with trees, which is proved by the tree-stems, found 

 imbedded in the mosses on the outer islands on the coast of 

 Fin mark, for instance, upon Renoe. In Siberia the limit of 

 trees runs to the beginning of the estuary delta, i.e., to about 

 72° N. L.i As the latitude of North Cape is 71° 10', the wood 

 in Siberia at several places, viz., along the great rivers, goes 

 considerably farther north than in Europe. This depends partly 

 on the large quantity of warm water which these rivers, in 

 summer, carry down from the south, partly on the transport of 



LIMIT OF TREES IN NORWAY. 



At rrrestevandet, ou Tromsoen, after a photogr.Tph. 



seeds with the river water, and on the more favourable soil, 

 which consists of a rich mould, yearly renewed by inundations, 

 but in Norway again for the most part of rocks of granite and 

 ffneiss or of barren beds of sand. Besides, the limit of trees 



O .... ... 



has a quite dissimilar appearance in Siberia and Scandinavia : 



1 According to Latkin, Die Lena und ihr Flussgebiet {Petermann^a 

 Mittheihingen, 1879, p. 91). On the map which accompanies Engehardt's 

 reproduction of Wrangel's Journey (Berlin, 1839), the limit of trees at the 

 Lena is placed at 71° N. L. 



