v.] DUTCH AND DANISH EXPEDITIONS. 197 



to Pustosersk, and sailed thence to Novaya Zemlya. At the 

 mouth of the Petchora he saw 2-i lodjas, manned with ten to 

 16 men each, bound for " Mangansei " east of Ob {Purchas, iii. 

 pp. 580, 53-i). While attempting to get further information 

 regarding these voyages to Siberia, the Muscovy Company's 

 envoy learned that, at least as a rule, the question was only of 

 carrying goods by sea to the bottom of Kara Bay, whence they 

 were transported overland to Ob, advantage being taken of two 

 small rivers and a lake (Purchas, iii. p. 539). But other 

 accounts lead us to infer that the Russian lodjas actually sailed 

 to Ob, even through Matotschkin Schar, as appears from 

 statements in Piirchas (iii. pp. 804, 805). At the same place 

 we find the statement, already quoted, of a Russian, who in 

 1584 offered for fifty roubles to act as guide overland from the 

 Petchora to the Ob, that a West-European ship was wrecked 

 at the mouth of the Ob, and its crew killed by the Samoyeds 

 who lived there. The Russian also said that it was an esksj 

 matter to sail from Vaygats to the mouth of the Ob. 



1612. The whaling captain Jan Cornelisz. van Hoorx 

 endeavoured to sail north of Novaya Zemlya towards the east, 

 but met with ice in 77° N.L., which compelled him to return 

 (Witsen, p. 906). 



1625. CoRNELis B(3SMAN, at the instance of the Northern 

 Company of the Netherlands, with a vessel of 90 tons, manned 

 by 24 men, and provisioned for two and a half years, passed 

 through Yugor Schar eastwards, but fell in with so much ice in 

 the Kara Sea that he was compelled to seek for a harbour in 

 that sound. There he waited for more favourable conditions, 

 but was finally compelled by storm and ice to return with his 

 object unaccomplished. (S. Mliller, Geschiedenis der Noardsdie. 

 Compagnie, Utrecht, 1874, p. 185.) 



1653.^ This year a Danish expedition was sent out to the 

 North-east. An account of the voyage was given by De la 

 MARTiNlfeRE, surgeon to the expedition, in a work published for 

 the first time at Paris in 1671, with the following title : Voyage 

 desPais Septentrionaux. Dans lequel se void les moiurs, manUre de 

 vivre, & superstitions des NorweguienSy Lappons, Kiloppes, Boran- 

 diens, Syheriens, Samojedes, Zemhliens, ct Islandois, enrichi ile 

 plusieurs figures.'^ This work afterwards attained a considerable 



^ The year is incorrectly given as 16-47 by F. von Adelung {Kritisch- 

 Litterurische Uehersicht, &c.). 



- The following editions are enumerated : four French, Paris, 1671, 1672, 

 1676, and Amsterdam, 1708; six German, Hamburg, 1675, Leipzig, 170.3, 

 1706, 1710, 1711, and 1718; one Latin, Gliickstadt, 1675; two Dutch, 

 Amsterdam, 1681 and 1685 ; one Italian, printed in Conte Aurelio degli 

 Anzi's II Genio Vagnntf, Parma, 1691 ; two Euglish, one printed separately 

 in 1706, the other in Harris, Xav'ujanthim atque Itineraniium Bill., 3rd 

 edition. London, 1744-48, Vol. II. p. 457. 



