456 THE VOYAGE OF THE VEGA. [chap. 



Many mistakes in comprehending the accounts of old travels 

 to these regions have arisen from our ignorance of the great 

 southern extension of Kolyutschin Bay, and from the same 

 name being frequently used to distinguish different places on 

 the coasts of Siberia. Thus we find on the map by A. Arrow- 

 smith annexed to Sauer's account of Billings' travels a Serdze 

 Kamen on 4he south side of Chukch peninsula, and ,it was 

 perhaps just this Serdze Kamen, known and so named^by the 

 dwellers on the Anadyr, that is mentioned in M tiller's \iccount 

 of Paulutski's campaign. 



On the ]^^^ Paulutski returned to Anadyrsk, crowned with 

 victory indeed, but without having brought his adversaries to 

 lasting submission. No new attempt was made to induce the 

 Chukches to submit, perhaps because Paulutski's campaign had 

 rendered it evident that it was easier to win victories over the 

 Chukches than to subdue them, and that the whole treasures of 

 walrus tusks and skins belonging to the tribe would scarcely 

 suffice to pay the expenses of the most inconsiderable 

 campaign. 



Perhaps too the accounts of Paulutski's victories may not 

 be quite correct, at least the old repute of Chukches as 

 a brave and savage race remained undiminished. Thus we 

 read in a note already quoted at page 110 of the Histoire 

 gen^alogique des Tartares : ^ " The north-eastern part of Asia is 

 inhabited by two allied races, TzuMzchi and Tzcludatzki, and 

 south of them on the Eastern Ocean by a third, called Olutorski. 

 They are the most savage tribe in the whole north of Asia, and 

 will have nothing to do with the Russians, whom they inhumanly 

 kill when they fall in with them, and when any of them fall 

 into the hands of the Russians they kill themselves." On the 

 map of LoTTERUS (1765) the Chukch Peninsula is coloured in a 

 way differing from Russian Siberia ; and there is the following 

 inscription : Tjitldzchi natio fcrocissima et hcllicosa Bus8orum 

 inimica, qui cajoti se invicem interficiunt. In 1777 Georgius 

 says in his Beschreibung cdler Nationcn des Bussischen BeicJis 

 (part ii., p. 350) of the Chukches : " They are more savage, 

 coarse, proud, refractory, thievish, false, and revengeful, than the 

 neighbouring nomads the Koryaks. They are as bad and 

 dangerous as the Tunguses are friendly. Twenty Chukches will 

 beat fifty Koryaks. The Ostrogs (fortified places) lying in the 

 neighbourhood of their country are even in continual fear of 



1 The work is a translation made at Tobolsk by Swedish officers, 

 prisoners of war from the battle of Piiltava, from a Tartar manuscript by 

 Abulgasi Bayadur Chan. The original manuscript (?) is in the library at 

 Upsala, to which it was presented in 1722 by Lieutenant-Colonel Schon- 

 strom. The translation has notes by Bentinck, a Dutchman by birth, who 

 was also taken prisoner in the Swedish service at Pultava. 



