XII.] CHUKCH DRESS. 473 



informant referred to a tradition handed down from former war- 

 like periods to the present time, and thus we have here only a 

 Chukch form of the boasting about martial feats common even 

 among civilised nations. 



To the dress of the men there belongs further a screen for the 

 eyes, which is often beautifully ornamented with beads and 

 silver mounting. This screen is worn especially in spring as a 

 protection from the strong sunlight reflected from the snow- 

 plains. At this season of the year snow-blindness is very 

 common, but notwithstanding this snow-spectacles of the kind 

 which the Eskimo and even the Samoyeds use are unknown 

 here. 



CHUKCH CHILDREN. 



0. Gill from Irgunmik. (After a photograph by L. Palander.) 6. Boy from Pitlekaj, with his 

 mother's hood on. (After a drawing by the seaman Hansson.) 



The men are not tattooed, but have sometimes a black or red 

 cross painted on the cheek. They wear the hair cut close to 

 the root, with the exception of a short tuft right on the crown 

 of the head and a short fringe above the brow. The women 

 have long hair, parted right in the middle, and plaited along 

 with strings of beads into plaits which hang down by the 

 ears. They are generally tattooed on the face, sometimes also 

 on the arms or other parts of the body. The tattooing is done 

 by degrees ; possibly certain lines are first made at marriage. 



The dress of the women, like that of the men, is double 

 during winter. The outer ^^cs/c, which is longer and wider than 



